[Name of the Writer]

[Name of Instructor]

[Subject]

[Date]

5 Questions on Philosophy

Introduction

In the book Introduction to Modern Philosophy, Castell and Borchert has divided every chapter that contains various questions about human existence. They have compiled the content for book by doing a thorough survey of the subject (books.google.com, 2001, pp.n.d).

They have done representative readings by different philosophers of every era, which include classic, modern and contemporary. This also includes two contrasting perspectives for each major point (books.google.com, 2001, pp.n.d).

Discussion

Q1 Hume thinks that the "design" in nature cannot prove God's existence

Hume disagrees to the point that an orderly universe proves the existence of God. Those who agree with this point say that God has created the universe, the way we manage the order and define purposes, is similar to the way God has ordered and defined purposes (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180). Hence, being the maker of the universe, God must have the intelligence level like humans, but yet greater (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180).

Hume further argues on the fact that the direct results of design are order and purpose, which should be considered true. Hume figured out that order can also be observed in a number of monotonous processes, say for example in generation and vegetation as well (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180).

According to him, if for a time, we opt to accept the logic defined by others that universe has a design, but we are unable to find out about the designer. Also, there is a possibility that God could be ethically vague, dull as well as mortal (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180). Yet, design argument is lame, as it does not prove God's existence, the way we imagine about him. Others believe that God knows everything; he is the most powerful and the most merciful. He says if God really exists then God cannot be categorized within such qualities, due to the existence of evil. This shows that God has all the authority, but God is less powerful, as God fails to destroy evil and unable to save the good from the evil doers (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180).

Hume strongly believes that design in nature cannot prove God's existence and therefore, for him Argument from Design is of no use (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180). He says that this argument can only justify that there is perfection in the design of universe, but there is no such base for proving that the designer cares for others on the universe, talks to them or has some ethical background (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180).Q 2 Three Objections and Mill's replies

The No-Time-To Calculate Objection

The fact is that we are short of time; we are so busy that we are unable to take our time out and calculate that which of our actions or deeds can lead to happiness. The calculation process will consume a lot of time and we won't be able to take a decision (books.google.com, 2001, pp.137-180). Especially, if the decision is to be made urgently, then how a person could randomly decide about it? Also, how one can quickly ensure that the decision taken ...