CRESTAL BONE LOSS

Evaluation Of Evidence In Literature Of Crestal Bone Loss Associated With Platform Switching Of Dental implants

Abstract

To maintain long-term dental implant stability, it is important to minimize bone loss around the dental implant. Several clinical studies have shown a mean marginal bone loss around dental implants of 1.5-2 mm in the first year after prosthetic restoration. Currently, concepts to prevent bone loss around dental implants have been reported as the platform switching (PLS). This technique use of prosthetic abutments with reduced width in relation to the dental implant platform diameter seems to have the greatest potential to limit the crestal resorption. However, there are only a few reports on the mechanism of action or the extent of bone loss prevention, and as such, it is difficult to say that the effect of PLS has been thoroughly examined. Excluding case reports, articles on PLS can be broadly categorized into: (1) radiographic evaluation of crestal bone level in humans, (2) histological and histomorphometrical analysis in animals, or (3) finite element analysis. This review revealed a shortage of published data for above three categories related PLS. Researchers have attempted to explain the mechanism of action of PLS; however, it is necessary to conduct further studies, including histological studies using animals, to clarify the mechanism fully.

Table of Contents

Abstract2

Chapter I: Introduction3

Introduction3

Factors effecting crestal bone loss around dental implants3

Chapter II: Literature Review3

The theory of PLS3

Prevention of bone loss using the PLS technique3

Chapter III: Methodology3

Material and methods3

Chapter IV: Results & Discussion3

Results3

Discussion3

Chapter V: Conclusion3

Notes3

References3

Chapter I: Introduction

Introduction

These days, patients receiving dental implant treatments not only expect restoration of masticatory function, they also expect that the prostheses will be esthetically pleasing, easy to clean, and permanent. To maintain long-term dental implant stability, it is important to minimize bone loss around the dental implant, as well as the soft tissue atrophy that accompanies it. Saucerization following abutment connection has been reported mainly in relation to two-stage dental implants with butt joints (Brånemark dental implants are a typical example) [1], [2], [3], [4], [5] and [6].

At the Toronto Conference [7], the consensus with respect to bone loss around the dental implant was that bone loss of up to approximately 2 mm during the first year of dental implant function is acceptable, and at this level the dental implant is regarded as successful. There have been many reports on studies to ascertain the causes of bone loss around dental implants and clinical techniques to prevent it. Some reports published in 2005 and 2006 state that the platform switching (PLS) technique, a technique in which an abutment that is one-size smaller than the dental implant platform is placed, prevents bone loss around the dental implant [8], [9] and [10]. However, there are only a few reports on the mechanism of action or the extent of bone loss prevention, and as such, it is difficult to say that the effect of PLS has been thoroughly examined. This paper provides an evaluation Of Evidence In Literature Of Crestal Bone Loss Associated With Platform Switching Of Dental ...