Data Analysis for Tourism, Sport and the Creative Industries



Data Analysis for Tourism, Sport and the Creative Industries

Introduction

Sport is a social phenomenon that generates a sense of national identity, social cohesion and opportunities for reconciliation between people that it ranks as one of the largest social expressions of human beings. As production of culture, it has acquired a strong presence throughout the world, accompanying the globalization process. As usual in many structures, the influence on the whole and to some extent, is the sport, one of the conditions of a multitude of contemporary cultural forms, so much so, that is part of a local identity that society is able to defend and which is preferred to other seemingly more important global realities.

The dynamism of this sector is linked to a 5% growth per year in spending on sports for coming to stabilize today, around 1.7% of GDP or 30.4 billion Euros, representing a just under defense spending in UK in 2007. This increase in spending has brought with it a growth of approximately 60% annually the number of jobs in sports between 1990 and 2000 to reach some stabilization today, not only in terms of employment but also in terms of practitioners whose number is estimated at 100 million in Europe.

Discussion

The data set has been collected from the year 2005 to 2010, related to the spending by UK households on Recreational and sporting services. The expenditure on recreation and sporting services include spending on items such as sports stadia, horse-racing courses, motor-racing circuits, swimming pools, tennis courts, bowling alleys, gymnasia, fitness centres, fairs and amusement parks, ski facilities, sailing, camping, aerobics, dancing, music, skating, skiing and so on.

Household Expenditures

Quarter/year

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

1

 

1.0509

1.131797

1.051816

1.068983

1.054379

2

 

1.168552

1.169629

1.130293

1.13874

1.156169

3

0.973092

0.939106

0.929471

0.9982

0.97029

 

4

0.84005

0.826951

0.849984

0.823704

0.835254

 

The graph below shows the expenditure series based on current and 2008 prices, it can be seen that from 2005 to 2007, the current prices are less than the expenditures based on 2008 price. However, it can be observed that current prices from 2009 to 2010 were slight higher than average household expenditure based on 2008 prices. In the multiplicative model the long term trend is considered as absolute value, and the rest of the elements are expressed in percentage.

We must take into account several limitations, too pronounced seasonal movement may precipitate or at least aggravate the cyclical development, and a cyclic motion may seriously affect the facility. A strong cyclical variation can seriously affect the trend and random variations caused by war or earthquakes can disrupt some or all components. In addition we have the difficulty of breaking the seasonal influence on cyclical and random elements, which is due to seasonal variations are generally not uniform in time and amplitude, which makes it very difficult to identify seasonal complete certainty.

It can be observed from the graph below that there exists a seasonal variation, the expenditure each year varies quite similarly in quarters. Time series are often characterized by seasonal inflections. The interpretation of a series that has a seasonal movement requires that we proceed with a "seasonal adjustment" otherwise it ...