Expectancy Theory of Motivation

Expectancy Theory of Motivation

Introduction

In today's world, it is important to understand the employer and employee relationship in order to accumulate the accurate performance of the organization. The concept in this regard is that together the two components can reach great heights; however, such case is hardly followed in most of the organization, as there has always been a gap between the two, which directly effects the performance orientation of the organizations. Moreover, the gap between the employee and employer results in lack of employee performance and deficiencies in achieving targets and goals.

In regards to such behavioral attributes, Victor Vroom presented his 'Expectation Theory of Motivation'. The theory represents motivating the employees for their efforts and hardships, resulting in developing a positive relationship with employers for the benefits of the organization. The behavioral process theory explains the psyche of the employees and their values on which they make their decisions for achieving a certain goal. The theory is based on three components, which include Expectancy, Instrumentality, and Valence

The first component 'Expectancy' depicts that efforts and performance outcome are interlinked. The philosophy behind the first component is that whether the efforts will be recognized under the evaluation. The second component 'Instrumentality' associates a relationship between job performance and specific outcomes. The connectivity between the two variables is that performance will lead to desired organizational rewards. In continuation, the third component 'Valence' refers to the desirability level of reward that the employee perceives. The concept in such regard is that the motivation of employees varies according to the level of valence present. Higher level of outcomes will lead to better outcomes and vice versa (Porter & Lawler, 1968, pp. 199).

Discussion

The application of the expectancy theory for appreciating the motivation factor in the employees demands collaboration between the employers and employees ...