FEMALE OFFENDERS AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Female Offenders and Criminal Justice System

Female Offenders Criminal Justice System

Introduction

In latest decades, the number of women under criminal justice system has increased dramatically. In 1990, there were roughly 600,000 women in jails or prisons, on probation, or on parole in the United States; in 2000, the number had increased to more than one million women. Although the rate of incarceration for women extends to be far lower than the rate for men, the number of women imprisoned in the United States since 1980 has expanded at a rate nearly twice the rate for men. Nationally, the number of women in state and federal prisons expanded almost eightfold between 1980 and 2001, from 12,300 to 93,031.

Theoretical explanations

There is a huge body of feminist publications that anxieties itself with comprehending the oppression and subordination of women in patriarchal humanity (2001; Lorber, 2001 for reviews). The fundamental feminist theoretical structure is of specific concern and submission to more apparently comprehending the disparate and unjust remedy of feminine lawbreakers by the criminal justice system both historic and actually and as is furthermore evidenced by empirical research. Radical feminism contends that the source of women's oppression is a patriarchal society. To remedy the subordinate remedy of women, one desires to undertake the oppressive communal structure (Lorber, 2001).

Additionally and in support with fundamental feminist idea is a large body of confrontation idea study (see Barak, Flavin, & Leighton, 2001; Reiman, 2004; Shelden, 2001 for reconsiders of confrontation idea in the context of criminal justice individual justice). This structure is particularly insightful when trying to realise the remedy of women in criminal justice individual justice. The general inherent premise of confrontation idea is that the assembly in humanity that possesses the power, riches, and decision-making administration (white, upper/middle class heterosexual men) conceives and enforces regulations and makes conclusions with the exact aim of keeping rank and administration in the hands of the mighty at the total cost of the subordinate and powerless assembly (e.g., women, minorities, reduced communal class - the lumpenproletariat) (Barak et al., 2001; Reiman, 2004; Shelden, 2001). Variations on confrontation idea or interpretations that have a confrontation idea base all brag the identical general source of oppression/subordination (e.g., Daly, 1989 for a consideration on gender confrontation and the worth of women's lives; glimpse furthermore Shelden's, 2001 and Wilson's, 2007 respective considerations of the criminal justice system, women, power, and the Salem Witch Trials).

Contemporary themes

Current study extends to show that the criminal justice system delicacies women distinctly than men. The next consideration best features present study in criminal justice individual fairness focusing on three very broad matters that consistently illustrate this disparate treatment. First, the notion of blurred boundaries is considered (Belknap, 2001) in the context of feminine lawbreakers and inmates who report high rates of misuse former to their incarceration (Chesney-Lind & Pasko, 2004; Silbert & Pines, 1981); feminine youth who are formally processed for rank infringements like running away (Chesney-Lind & Shelden, 2004); and feminine victims of household aggression who battle back and/or ...