FOOD SAFETY

Transmissible Disease and Food Safety

Abstract

Animal disease has a considerable importance to welfare humans. They are a great source of food provision for humans reducing the potential of the world. Although the food supply, in the United States is safest in the world, between 250 and 350 million individuals are affected by acute gastroenteritis annually. Most animal borne disease reporting systems are voluntary, as pointed out by the International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods. Surveillance system used for human safety is either passive or active, is difficult and has numerous confines. In order to reduce or prevent food borne diseases, the principles of food safety must become concrete, practical steps m food production. Potential shortcomings from decades-old laws regarding meat, poultry, and food additives; serious resource constraints; and fragmented legal authorities spread across multiple agencies must be carefully evaluated and addressed.

Transmissible Disease and Food Safety

Introduction

Animal disease has a considerable importance to welfare humans. They are a great source of food provision for humans reducing the potential of the world. The most important factor which affect human is the use of animals products, which are not, appropriate and comprise of diseases transferred in humans. Most of the chronic diseases impact human health and cause infections in humans. Most of infections in US are caused by the substandard use of animal products and the harm they create to humans (Tierney, 2002).

Literature Review

Animal borne diseases

The incidence of animal borne disease is difficult to estimate, but it has been reported that, in 2005, 1.8 million people, mostly children in developing countries died from diarrhea diseases worldwide. The majority of diarrheal disease cases can be attributed to contaminated food and bottled drinking water. Although the food supply, in the United States is safest in the world, between 250 and 350 million individuals are affected by acute gastroenteritis annually, and about 30% of these cases are believed to be due to animal borne pathogens. An animal borne disease outbreak is the occurrence of at least two cases of similar illness resulting from the consumption of a common food. Furthermore, food contamination creates an enormous social and economic burden on health systems and communities. In the United States, animal borne diseases create an enormous economic burden on health and social systems, costing $152 billion each year. Infections caused by bacteria such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, Escherichia coli Ol 57:H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Norwalk-Hke viruses are the most commonly recognized animal borne illnesses and gastroenteritis in humans. Although many animal borne pathogens cause similar symptoms, especially diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea, it should be noted that the severity of symptoms depend largely on the pathogen and the ability of the pathogen to produce toxins, which can be absorbed into the bloodstream or invade other organs and tissues.

According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention animal borne disease outbreaks can be caused by bacteria, chemicals, toxins, parasites, prions or viruses. As reported by in 2006, between 1998 and 2002, over 6,000 animals borne disease outbreaks occurred, of which ...