Fraudulent conduct in the developing countries

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their help and direction without which this research might not have been completed

DECLARATION

I, [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work. Secondly, the dissertation/thesis has not been earlier submitted for academic examination for any qualification. Furthermore, it includes my own opinions and not essentially those of the University.

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Table of Contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT2

DECLARATION3

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION5

1.1 Background of the issue5

1.2 Statement of the Problem6

1.3 Significance of the Research7

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW9

2.1 Humanitarian Development Paradigm9

2.2 The Birthright Approach10

2.3 Political Implications of Oil in Nigeria12

2.4 Social Implications of Oil in Nigeria13

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY15

3.1 Collection of Data15

3.2 Quantitative Data: Primary Research15

3.3 Qualitative Data: Secondary Data16

3.4 Research Method16

REFERENCES18

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the issue

Africa, a continent long-known for being rich in natural resources, has once again become the breeding ground of competition between major powers. This particular scene of competition lies in the midst of an oil boom revolving around the wealthy oil regions of the Gulf of Guinea, from Nigeria to Angola. Consequently Africa has become a strategic supplier to the global oil and gas market, and it is projected to play an integral role in addressing the global energy security crisis. One-third of the world's new oil discoveries since the year 2000 have taken place in Africa. Of the billion barrels of new oil reserves discovered in 2001, seven billion were found there. In the years between 2005 and 2010, 20 percent of the world's new production capacity is expected to come from Africa. More importantly, as the major oil boom begins to unfold, the quality of Africa's crude oil continues to play a distinct role in expanding as a global energy supplier. Yet, while many multinational oil corporations and Africa's political elites may anticipate benefits from this oil exploration, studies suggest that the conflicting economic, environmental, social, and health impacts may also create an era of both opportunity and peril for oil producing countries beset by wide scale underdevelopment (Ake, 1996, 89).

The conception of the new oil boom posing as a threat serves as the primary motivation for the purpose of this study. Long-time African oil producers Nigeria, Gabon, and Angola, have not fundamentally been able to convert their wealth of oil into broad based poverty reduction programs, or to further humanitarian development. Nor have these countries been able to use oil revenues to implement future sustainable development planning. Instead, oil has become a major cause of conflict, poverty, and, in many cases, civil war. For Nigeria in particular, the country's long history of oil and more specifically oil in the Niger Delta is indeed a tragic story of how the country has become embroiled with the demands of major oil companies and post-colonial governments. The Niger Delta is certainly blessed with an abundance of natural resources. Oil has served as the resource base and backbone of the Nigerian ...