HUMAN DEVELOPMENT OCCUR ACROSS THE LIFESPAN?

To What Extent Does Human Development Occur Across The Lifespan?

To What Extent Does Human Development Occur Across The Lifespan?

The concept of human development is developed in the late '80s, the Joint United Nations Programme for the Development UNDP, in order to overcome the traditional sense and expand development focused only on economic growth. Human development involves and covers some key areas of economic and social development: the promotion of human rights and support for local institutions with particular regard to the right to peaceful coexistence, environmental protection and sustainable development of land resources, the development of health and social services with priority attention to the problems most common and most vulnerable groups, improving the education of the population, with particular attention to basic education, local economic development, literacy and education development , democratic participation, equality of opportunity for development and integration into social life.

Life expectancy is an indicator of human development, which represents the average lifetime, or the average age of death of a generation of men and women in a given territory. Mortality conditions of the year of birth must extend throughout the life of the cohort studied so that the data are reliable. Life expectancy "healthy" at birth is the estimated life without chronic diseases, injuries or squeal of acute illness. During the twentieth century, life expectancy has almost doubled in France. The deaths of children are less numerous: in 1750, half of all children die before the age of 10 years. In 1900, 15% of children less than one year die: 5% of them are still dying in 1950 and 0.4% today. The French have a life expectancy of 25 years in 1750, 45 in 1900 and 77.3 years for males and 83.7 years for women in 2007. In the same year, the average for member countries of the European Union is 75.60 years for men and 82 years for women. In Africa and in countries in the developing world, life expectancy is still low: more than 15 African countries have life expectancy below 50 years in 2007. Swaziland has the life expectancy the lowest in the world: it is 31.8 years for males and 32.6 years for women in 2007. It is ranked 122nd in the world for the human development index (HDI).

Factors influencing life expectancy are numerous:

geopolitical conflicts, wars, political instability

health epidemics, access and clean water , access to care , advances in medicine, hygiene, access to food and conservation of the latter

environmental disasters , air pollution , water , and soil

Social: improvement of working conditions , health and safety in companies, relief time and the difficulty of work, access to housing , heating

The psychologists call development to psychological change that occurs systematically throughout life. During this process the person is accessing more complex states and "better" than before. This is a branch of psychology that already has more than one hundred years, despite which, like psychology in general, not be considered an exact science as it can be physics ...