ISAAC NEWTON

Isaac Newton

Abstract

In this study we try to explore the contributions made by Isaac Newton in a descriptive context. The main focus of the research will be on the contributions made by the Newton in the field of Mathematics. The research also analyzes many aspects of calculus and tries to evaluate efforts made by Isaac Newton. Many of the concepts in calculus are surprisingly intuitive, and many people find them fascinating to study.

Isaac Newton

Introduction

Isaac Newton was born on Christmas Day in 1642 ancient calendar, the year Galileo died in the village of Woolsthorpe, about 13 miles south of Grantham in Lincolnshire. Newton was the first to show that the natural laws that govern the movement of the Earth and those that govern the motion of celestial bodies are the same. It is often described as the scientific greatest of all time, and his work as the culmination of the scientific revolution (Christianson, 1984).

Newton's Contribution in the Area of Calculus Algebra and Theory of Equations

In mathematics Isaac Newton inventions included laying the ground work for differential and integral calculus. His work was based on his insight that the integration of a function is merely the inverse procedure to differentiating it (Westfall, 1993). Taking differentiation as the basic operation, he produced simple analytical methods that unified many separate techniques previously developed to solve apparently unrelated problems such as finding areas, tangents, the lengths of curves and the maxima and minima of functions.

Area

The differential and integral calculus, also called calculus, calculus or simply, is an important branch of mathematics , developed from algebra and geometry , which is dedicated to the study of rates of change of quantities (such as the slope of a line ) and the accumulation of quantities (as the area under a curve or the volume of a solid). Where there is movement or growth variables act and where forces producing acceleration, calculus is the mathematics to be employed (Deuflhard, 2004).

The calculation was created as an auxiliary tool in various fields of sciences. Developed by Isaac Newton (one thousand six hundred and forty-three - 1727) and Gottfried Leibniz (1646th - 1716), in independent work. Calculations help on several concepts and definitions in mathematics, chemistry, physics classical physics and modern economy. The student must have calculation knowledge in certain areas of mathematics such as functions, geometry and trigonometry; they are the basis of calculation. The first calculation has three "base operations", i.e., has initial areas such as calculating limits, the calculation of derivatives of functions and integral differential (Deuflhard, 2004).

The full indefinite can also be called anti-derivative, since it is a process that reverses the derivative of functions. Since the definite integral, originally defined as the Riemann sum, there are limits of integration, i.e., a process is established between two well-defined intervals, hence the definite integral.

The Lengths of Curves

Length of plane curves

The length of a plane curve can be approximated by adding small line segments to fit the curve, this approach will be more accurate ...