LITERATURE REVIEW

Literature Review

[Name of the Institute]

Literature Review

Child Development

Child development can be described as growth, physically and emotionally, and cognitive development biologically (Berk, 2000, pp. 31-35). Child development plays a pivotal role in developing the personality of the child as the child grows up. To live a satisfying and momentous life, two areas are very important for individuals. Interpersonal relationships and intellectual capability development define the proper development of a child (Bergin, 2011, pp. 77- 570).

Child development is distributed in multiple dimensions that differ according to context and impact on child behaviour (Gordon, 1972, pp. 14). Numerous things simultaneously influence the mental, physical, and emotional development of the child (Adams, 2009, pp. 19-97). Child development is determined according to these three principle dimensions which defines the behavioural consequences of a child as he grows up (Berk, 2000, pp. 31-35). All these three states are interrelated to each other; lack of concern on any of this dimension affect the other two subsequently (Berk, 2008, pp. 34-519). Behavioural responses of the child are consequences of experiences a child had in the early stages of his life. (Berk, 2000, pp. 31-35).

Early Development

A baby starts developing from the day he is born and seeing and experiencing every stage of child development is like achieving milestones for the parents (Meggitt, 2006, pp. 12-180). Viewing babies being developed is like reliving their childhood for mothers and fathers (Charlesworth, 2010, pp. 18-689). Each and every movement and expression of the child are precious for them (Charlesworth, 2010, pp. 18-689). Frequently it is believed that an infant only grows physically in the early months, but it is mistaken fact simply because an infant not only evolves physically but also on the psychological side, and the social front. Even the motor abilities of the infant present the indicators of development (Charlesworth, 2010, pp. 18-689).

Early Brain Development

Early childhood is the most intense period of brain development in reference to all existence. Stimulation and adequate nutrition are essential for development during the first three years of life (Meggitt, 2006, pp. 12-180). A rapid brain development affects the cognitive, social and emotional system of the child (Kahn, 1987, pp. 24). It helps each child reach their potential and become a productive member of a changing global society (Gordon, 1972, pp. 14). Over the initial environment is challenging, the more the child develops and learns (Meggitt, 2006, pp. 12-180). A less favourable or less challenging emotionally and physically during the first years of life affects the development of the child brain and causes delays in cognitive, social and behavioural. Later, the child will struggle to cope with situations and complex environments (Bergin, 2011, pp. 77- 570). Many barriers and stress in early childhood may increase the risk of stress-related illness and learning disabilities in adulthood (Adams, 2009, pp. 19-97).

Significance of Early Years Learning

To realize their potential, young children should spend time in a caring and attentive environment, catering to their needs, and a place where they are not likely to be overlooked, or reprimanded and punished unduly (Gordon, 1972, pp. 14). Parents and family are the pillars of early childhood development, but it should help give ...