Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment Breast Cancer in Current Literature

[Name of the Institute]

ABSTRACT

Cancer is among one of the most prominent diseases that becomes a global concern in today's world. Among this, breast cancer is the most dominant cancer that persists to be the top leading cause of death among women population and second highest cause of cancer deaths following lung cancer deaths around the world. Several new methods have been adopted for the diagnosis of breast cancer and its types. Among this, conventional methods such as mammography, ultrasound and MRI have remained the most frequently used methods. However, due to their limitations in effectively and accurately examining each type of breast cancer, ongoing research in the field of breast cancer had found new methods with emerging technologies. Within this PEM method, microRNAs signatures and data mining approaches are found as among the effective method that is frequently adopted in the current clinical practices. It produces valuable clinical data for each type of breast cancer especially for high occurrence breast cancer (invasive and non-invasive breast cancer diseases) across the continuum treatment and therapy of care. This technology also supports from the initial staging to ongoing post-surgical disease management that enables the practitioners with high-resolution PET scanner to get the metabolic perspective and allowing optimal results in breast cancer care management. In addition, new methods of SPECT provide the utility of observing the depth of diseases through true 3D information. In addition to this, information is presented typically through cross-sectional slices though the patient however there is a great room for manipulation and reformatting whenever the situation required. PET and SPECT technologies also enable an increased and effective use of primary tumour diagnosis as well as towards the determination of the extent of disease in the breast. These technologies are used in both invasive and non-invasive types of breast cancer as well as for other rare types of breast cancer found among women.

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Breast cancer has become the high concern across United Kingdom and has become the most commonly diagnosed cancers among the females (Hodgson & Gulenchyn, 2011; O'Connor et al., 2009; Yusuff et al., 2012), though some others sources stated that there is increasing number of breast cancer found in men across UK. However, still majority of evidences documented that a considerable number of women are in majority as compared to men that are victims of breast cancer across UK.

Central to the point that breast cancer is spreading, several world and national non-profit organizations are more and more realizing the significance of engaging in researches in order to find day-to-day solution to cancer deaths (Rhodes et al., 2011). Within this regard, methods of diagnosis of breast cancer and its types have recently taken a great momentum and gaining a lot of consideration within the world and national organizations as well as within research community in an effort to quickly and effectively detect as well as treat breast cancer among women in its early stages and thereby reducing the mortality ...