PERSONALIZED MEDICINE

Personalized medicine

Personalized Medicine

Introduction

Personalized Genomic Medicine is the discipline that will allow the use of molecular genetic technologies to meet individually with each patient about health and illness, based on knowledge of its genome. This approach includes the study of genetic variability and expression profiles of genes, proteins and metabolites. All biological information will be correlated with clinical and epidemiological data, such as the prevalence of the disease, environmental factors, knowledge about the disease, treatment, and prognosis and drug response.

Discussion

Pharmacoproteomics

Advantages

Chemotherapy protocols in the treatment of brain tumors, as in other locations, use toxic molecules to kill cancer cells. But, as with all cancer treatments, the side effects and the lack of response are the main challenges to its effectiveness. His prediction will be possible thanks to technological advances that rely on pharmacogenomics and pharmacoproteomics, leading to personalized medicine. Once identified, teams of low-density arrays will detect only those genes that can interfere with the responsiveness of the patient and the possibility of toxic tables.

The clinical applications of antibody arrays range from the discovery of tumor markers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response to the characterization of signaling networks and post-translational modifications of proteins associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. (Stefano, 2006, p.46)

One of the key advantages of pharmacoproteomics technology is its ability to measure hundreds of proteins simultaneously, using small volumes. (Bruce, 2008, p.100)

Disadvantages

Diagnostic tools that use urine and proteomic methods are noninvasive particularly promising for the detection and differentiation of early renal impairment before clinical symptoms evident during the various renal diseases specific or associated. In addition, proteomic methods have the potential advantage of lower costs and greater efficiency in patient care. However, the robustness sensitivity, reliability and consistency of the test system. (Garlicky, 2005, p.150)

Technologies of personalized medicine

The technologies of personalized medicine are as follows:

Pharmacogenomics,

Pharmacoproteomics

Metabolomics

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics aims to study the interaction between all the genes and drug once absorbed.

Pharmacogenomics is based on the presence of a different response in different individuals to drug treatment. One cause of these facts is genetic. It can lead to a totally different metabolism of certain drugs. This is the case of the gene encoding thiopurine methyltransferase, the normally inactivates mercaptopurine given in certain cancers: in case of mutation of this gene, with inactivation of the protein as a result, the drug may accumulate in the body may cause serious adverse events.

Metabolomics

Metabolomics is the study of all small ...