RACE AND ETHNICITY

Race and Ethnicity

RACE AND ETHNICITY

Introduction

The Conceptual Bases of the Terminology

One of the strong methodological issues in comparative studies is the construction of equivalence, ie, the event that the instrument measures the same latent trait in all groups, or nations and cultures ". In the case of "ethnic" and "race" there are serious obstacles to the construction of such comparative rankings across countries and a wide range of concepts are currently used to describe ethnic / racial composition of the population as an ethnic group, ethnicity, socio-cultural group, race, nationality , origin, social origin, nationality, and others. These concepts and associated tags that are specific to different groups, developed under different processes of the genesis of ethnic specific to certain countries, including colonialism and its legacy, migration, racism and discrimination. Consequently, a key objective for the development of a national cross-cultural understanding, it was decided that the distribution of values of these concepts and terms that are often nuanced and inconsistent use. In addition, while the ruling party (the government or institutions, or census statistics) of the definition in the lexicon, which may differ from those used by members of the academy, and the people thus described. Sociology is part of the area of sociological theory and therefore is a core subject in the training of this discipline.

It is a comprehensive presentation of fundamental theories produced by the leading exponents of social thought that offer "readings" particular reality, feasible-by-unit to be compared with an understanding of the problems of a particular historical time (Gallagher, 2003).

Ethnicity as a Singular Historical Experience

To study ethnicity as an experience unique historical should be consider in each specific situations, how it was made up the correlation of three areas: (1) the fields of knowledge to which relates, (2) the types of regulations that regulate their practices, and (3) the forms of subjectivity. Ethnicity, and political history to know the truth in the fields of knowledge, which relates to the ethnicity must be distinguished authorized knowledge of the subject. Knowledge allowed, Scholars or disciplinary discourses are experts on ethnicity from academic institutions, the subject knowledge are the result of technology social policy and practice marginalized or buried, in their methods or content, knowledge authorized and scholars from academic disciplines experts. The "subjugation" of knowledge derived more of a problem for recognition that prohibition, in other words, knowledge is "subject" and "submitted" when it's resistance to a regime "truth" that usually resides in an institution characterized by its specific reproductive function.

The resistance of subject knowledge manifests existence of a counter to con-figures as the other side of the power to resist. From this point, not seen combat in the fields settles epistemic of knowledge in tension but in the territory of reproduction, its teachings and its instrumentalization (Herrnstein, 2004).

Ethnicity and Race: Two Records of Racism

Although from a maximalist definition of ethnicity includes not only imagined as groups traditional but also have been invented and modern (the English, for example) Hall is not arguing simply that ethnicity is ...