SPATIAL PERFORMANCE

SPATIAL PERFORMANCE

SPATIAL PERFORMANCE

Introduction

The Braille Institute of America (2010) reports nearly twenty percent of people over 65 report some form of vision loss. This represents about 7.3 million people. Interestingly, the Braille Institute of America is also estimated that 15 million people who are blind or visually impaired in the United States. These estimates include individuals who are born blind and congenitally blind and those who lose vision after adventitiously blind. People living with some degree of vision loss may experience some difficulties in determining its location in space, where they go, or how they reach their destination.

In the areas of orientation and mobility (Chantal 2005) and neuroscience is a paucity of information about the ability of sensory information processing in adults who were born adventitiously in comparison with visual disabilities. Five studies investigated the role of differences in cognitive processing in adults who were born and adventitiously visual impairment and how the two groups performed tasks in a given space. Knowledge of the cognitive map that includes all aspects of encoding, processing and retrieval of information on the environment and visual spatial ability affected when there is a change in the vision of an individual. People who adventitiously born and visually impaired will benefit from the knowledge of the strategies that can be used to increase security and independence of the target time before, during and after the trip.

This literature review identifies and describes some of the findings of recent studies of adults who were born visually impaired and adventitiously present strengths, weaknesses, similarities and differences of the recent studies on spatial behavior of adults who were born and adventitious visual disability, and considering the impact of orientation and mobility instructors.

Research Review

Most research has found that people experiencing vision loss or blindness later in life perform better on spatial tasks than their counterparts who were born blind. Some studies suggest that visual memory plays an important role in helping the person who is blind inadvertently perform better than an individual who is congenitally blind or visually impaired.

Studies show the possibility of providing space Of the adults who were born and those who are adventitiously visually impaired. Hupp (2003) indicated subjects blind from birth performed better and faster than subjects who became blind in adulthood. Previous studies have shown that, compared to the visually impaired, blind upper screen perceptual abilities visual and do not differ in brain organization.

In a study by Wan, Wood, Retunes, and Wilson (2010), who investigated the performance of blind and visually impaired participants in a fibro tactile discrimination task. Thirty-three blind participants were classified into three groups, depending on the age at which he became blind. In line with previous neuroimaging data, the blind after late childhood (14 years) showed no advantage over sighted participants. Participants both congenital and early blind seers were better than latter ones. Congenitally blind participants were more accurate than early-blind participants, a distinction that has not been established previously. Blindness duration did not predict the performance of ...