The Effects of Sensory Stimulation and Montessori Activity in Dementia Residents

The Effects of Sensory Stimulation and Montessori Activity in Dementia Residents

Literature Review

This study is based on the disease dementia. It is form Latin and its meaning is madness. In dementia there is a serious loss of cognitive ability. It may stay for long period of time because of brain injury, damage in body or progressiveness. It is most commonly found in the aged people but it can occur in the people who are less than 65 years. Early onset dementia is called the one which occurs to people below the age of 65 years. It is not considered as a single disease and have non-specific syndrome. Syndromes are also known as signs or symptoms. The areas which get affected by dementia are memory, language, attention and problem solving.

To consider dementia in a person it is necessary that all symptoms must be present till the time period of six months. Cognitive dysfunction for a short period of time than it is called as delirium. In general dysfunction of cognitive those mental functions are affected first who are at the highest level. In the later of stages of dementia the patient is not even able to remember the days and months. They are even able to recognize the people around them this also include their family members. Dementia is only treatable to some extent which is also because of causes which are incurable and progressive (Gozali &Jarrott, 2002).

According to the etiology of the disease the symptoms are classified. The symptoms can be reversible and can be irreversible. According to the researches there are only 10% of the patients who have reversible symptoms. It means that the present reverse by the treatment given to them. The reason may be that patient has many other diseases also and at the same time they are getting treatment for those diseases. It has been observed that delirium is mixed with the dementia due to the similarity in the symptoms (Gozali &Jarrott, 2002).

In delirium sudden changes occur and the time period is short. It normally stays from hours till weeks and it is also related to somatic which is known as medical disturbance. On the other hand dementia shows the decrease in the functioning of mind. It is for the longer time period and the mental illnesses in dementia are psychosis and depression. There are different kinds of dementia and all have different symptoms due to which the symptoms are overlap which each other. Sometimes it is very difficult to identify the specific type of the dementia (Malone, et al, 2004).

There are only some cases which clearly show the symptom and the type of the dementia. Of the symptoms are clear than it gets easy for the specialists to give treatment for the disease otherwise it is very difficult to identify the disease and then give treatment. To identify the disease various tools are also used which includes brain scanning and nuclear medicine ...