The Problem of Foodstuff and Water Scarcity in the World Economy in the Context of Climate Change

by

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would take this opportunity to thank my research supervisor, family and friends for their support and guidance without which this research would not have been possible.

DECLARATION

I, [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

ABSTRACT

Climate change has raised numerous issues that are currently under consideration, and have brought the economy at risk. These continuous climate changes have stated serious problems which could lead a civilization to a state towards destruction. This study explores climate change in detail. It also focuses on the global warming and its impact. The research has portrayed long-term risks involved with the climate change. It discusses the vulnerability towards climate change and how these changes are affecting human personal and societal life. How countries are reacting towards it. Furthermore, the research talks about different impact of climate change, specifically focusing on increasing food supply issues and water scarcity in the world. In addition, the research has raised the impact of climate change in Costa Rica, Central America. For this research, secondary methodology has been chosen as quantitative research method. Furthermore, the research has concluded with some suggestion to cope up with climate changes and its severe impact on food and water scarcity.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

INTRODUCTION1

Research Background1

Research Aims and Objectives1

CHAPTER 1: CLIMATE CHANGE AND GREEN HOUSE EFFECT2

Climate Change2

Global Warming and the Green House Effect6

The Long-term 'Risks' of Global Climate Change7

Vulnerability - Climate Change8

CHAPTER 2: WATER SCARCITY10

Water scarcity10

Water Conservation and Protection10

Issues related to water quality12

Water Scarcity12

The Determinants of Water Insecurity14

CHAPTER 3: FOOD CRISIS16

Food Security and Vulnerability16

Food Crisis in 2007-200817

Food Scarcity18

CHAPTER 4: KYOTO PROTOCOL21

Common but Differentiated Responsibilities21

The Kyoto Protocol22

From Rio to Kyoto22

How it Works24

Burden Sharing25

CHAPTER 5: ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE27

Early Action Opportunities in Agriculture27

Climate-Smart Agriculture27

Options for Early Action on Climate-Smart Agriculture28

Building an Evidence Base: Country-Specific Information and Data29

Designing National Policies to Enable Adoption of Practices31

Climate Change Adaptation by Governments and Organisations To Enhance Food And Water Security33

CONCLUSION37

REFERENCES41

INTRODUCTION

Research Background

Change in climate is emerging up as a new type of issue in the security aspect because of the way it affects both the life and the well-being of human's in a highly interconnected and fragile world (Barnett & Matthew, 2010, 3).

Changing climate is becoming a threat to the basic welfare and survival needs of humans across the globe, including the production of food, health, access to water and the utilization of land. Environmental deprivation rising from different kinds of economical activities of humans has increased the intensity and frequency of natural disasters throughout the world.

Research Aims and Objectives

With continuous changes occurring in weather, there are numerous issues that have started rising which could lead any state or perhaps, entire civilization towards failure or collapse. The most important problems that have become the ...