The White Bird by John Berger

The White Bird by John Berger

Introduction

The paper is basically based on the work of the John Berger by the name of the White Bird, Merger wrote a marvelous work because it touched the different economic and political systems of the society very nicely. Therefore, in this paper, the main motive is to highlight the significance of the two terms the used in the literature, that is, the Formalism and the Marxism.

Discussion

Formalism and New Criticism

Both the New Criticism and Russian Formalism explore the specifically literary texts. But it is necessary to note that the Russian formalists were far more interested in the 'method' and to establish the scientific basis for a Theory of Literature. The first Russian formalists believed that human contact of literary meaning in itself and merely provided the context and function of the literary. The last formalists amend this clear distinction between form and content, but the trend continued to reject the new criticism to give moral and cultural significance to the aesthetic form. They were interested in developing models and assumptions that allowed them to explain how literary devices aesthetic effects and how it is distinguished literary and extra-literary concerns what. While the New Criticism conceived of literature as a form of human understanding, formalists regarded it as a special use of language (Berger & Dyer, 2001).

The influence of Futurism

The value gives the "word", as self-sufficient reality, opens many avenues of research of formalism: is its phonetic nature, sound dimension, which is sufficient in itself to describe things, to name beings. Futurism brings to important considerations such formalists technical capacity that characterizes the work of a writer (and as such this "technique" is expressed in a formal features, amenable to analysis), owner of an office which is actually tune of "arts", which opens perspectives for these valuations plural. Framed in these approaches, R. Jakobson begin to outline the key elements of the "aesthetic function".

Art as Action

The technical approach of the formalists led them to consider literature as a special use of language whose uniqueness is derived from its remoteness and practical language distortion. The first formalists tend to identify with the poeticliterariness but it is difficult to prove that it is an inherently literary language. What distinguishes practical language literature is its quality of drawn object. The formalist poetry saw the quintessential literary use of language. Poetry has a controlled violence on practical language, deforming it to divert our attention to the development of his nature (Norgaard, 2007).

The first stage of Formalism was dominated by Viktor Shklovsky, who adopted a focus on more prosaic poetry, in an attempt to define the techniques used by writers to produce specific effects. He gave one of his most attractive concepts Estrangement name. The formalists, unlike the Romantics were not so interested in perceptions of themselves as in the nature of the resources used to achieve the effect of estrangement. According Shklovsky art technique was strange objects `do ', to create complicated shapes, to increase the difficulty and length of perception because the process is aesthetic perception is an end in itself and, therefore, should be extended. The concepts of alienation and disclosure of resources directly influenced the popular notion ...