YELLOW FEVER

Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever

Yellow Fever

Yellow fever (YF) is natural focal arbovirus infection that is spread in tropical Africa and America, mosquito genera Aedes and Haemagogus (America), occurring in the form of the disease with the development of ostrolihoradochnogo hemorrhagic syndrome, shock, and hepatic and renal failure. In connection with the possibility of yellow fever epidemics refers to a group of diseases under the International Health Regulations, and shall be registered in the WHO. Yellow fever virus is a flavivirus family of arboviruses, which are the main vector mosquitoes. They carry the virus from one host to another, especially among the monkeys. Then from monkeys to the people and from man to man. The virus is carried by several species of mosquitoes. There are three types of transfer of the yellow fever.

Jungle Yellow Fever

In tropical forests, monkeys suffer from yellow fever infected by wild mosquitoes. Then, mosquitoes become infected by the monkeys already and bite people in the forest, resulting in a fixed some cases of yellow fever. That's why most of those infected the men employed timber harvesting in the forest.

Intermediate Yellow Fever

Small epidemics occur in wet areas of Africa. Peri-domestic mosquitoes (breeding in the wild and close to housing) infect both monkeys and humans. Frequent contact between humans and infected mosquitoes transmit the virus to produce. In many isolated settlements in these areas cases occur simultaneously. This is the most common type of disease outbreaks in Africa. Outbreaks can develop into a more serious epidemic if the infection is transferred to an area populated by domestic mosquitoes and unvaccinated people.

Urban Yellow Fever

Large epidemics occur when infected people bring the virus into densely populated areas. Infected mosquitoes carry the virus from person to person.

Origin of Yellow Fever

On the origin of the disease have three opinions. First from African apes because the black continent and its inhabitants are more resistant to the virus, compared with those of America. In addition, the aedes eegypti African. Second is American because the Maya before the arrival of Columbus spoke of a similar disease (xekik means black vomit). Also in the Popol Vuh describes a disease that attacked the monkeys and then humans, in whom the yellow highlights. It is originated in Africa and America.

History of Yellow Fever

The disease was first described in the 1647-1648 years. During an outbreak of disease in the Caribbean, where, as established in the 30s of XX century, the pathogen was imported from Africa. In subsequent centuries in the Americas, Africa and even Europe, the disease often assumes the character of severe epidemics with high fatality. The largest epidemic occurred in the late nineteenth and early XX century in the construction of the Panama Canal, when the disease (Yellow Fever) killed about 10 000 people in the 1950s in America (more than 1.5 thousand patients) 1960-1962, in Ethiopia (over 200 000 patients and more than 30 000 deaths).

Pathogen transmission by mosquitoes was established by the Cuban physician ...