Abstract

The paper discuss about the theory of democracy and Deliberative Democracy. It also compares both and shows the relevancy between the two. The theory of democracy is a set of assertions and assumptions of descriptive, analytical and regulatory provisions, which focus on the basics of democracy and democratic institutions. In the modern theory of democracy, there are three main areas: the phenomenological, explanatory and normative. However, as a fact that it is impossible to examine the relationship between democracies and international conflict without first acknowledging the context within which democracies exist. Deliberative democracy and the process of deliberation support principles and procedures that give voice to the value of reciprocity in the making of laws and public policies. Deliberation is valued insofar as it promotes political values that flow from reciprocal relationship in democratic politics: public spiritedness, mutual respect, and moral understanding.

Table of Content

Abstract1

Introduction3

Discussion and Analysis3

The Theory of Democracy4

Theory and Evolution6

States and Sovereignty6

Variation Within States: What Makes a Democracy a Democracy?6

Deliberative Democracy7

The Theoretical Approach8

Compare and contrast of Democratic theory and Deliberative Democracy9

Application and Evidence of Democratic Theories9

Modernization11

Economic Preconditions11

Social Preconditions12

Timing, Sequencing, and Politics13

The Evidence and Approach of Deliberative Democracy13

Method14

Moral Reasons15

Respectful Reasons15

Revisable Reasons16

The Theoretical Challenge16

Conclusion16

Works cited18

Democratic Theory and Deliberative Democracy

Introduction

War between nations is an ancient phenomenon. As long as there have been governments and groups with shared social and cultural identities, there has been conflict among them. A far more recent phenomenon, however, is the development and diffusion of democratic government. Democracy, as is recognizable today, was introduced through the revolutionary liberal movements of the United States and France in the late 18th century. Until the mid-20th century, the number of democracies in the international system remained markedly stable, increasing substantially only after the dissolution of the Axis powers and the end of World War II in 1945.

Concurrent with the spread of democracy, international conflict has become less frequent. A remarkable observation within this trend is that pairs of democratic states rarely, if ever, directly engage one another in violent warfare. This observed relationship between democratic states has come to be termed the democratic peace and is one of the most robust and influential findings in international relations scholarship (Thompson, 1970, pp 123-134).

Discussion and Analysis

One may argue, as some historians do, that these principles lost their force as the national territory was conquered and settled, the native population driven out or exterminated. Whatever one's assessment of those years, by the late 19th century the founding doctrines took on a new and much more oppressive form. It is important to keep in mind that the agreement resulting from the original position is both hypothetical and a historical. It is hypothetical in the sense that the resulting principles are what the participants decide under certain conditions imaginary, not what they actually agree in practice with full knowledge of their situation. Rawls seeks to convince us by arguments that the principles of justice that he draws are actually those which we would agree if we were in the hypothetical situation of the original position ...