Biometrics

Biometrics

Introduction

The term biometrics is derived from two Greek words bio and metrics, which mean life and to measure respectively. This depicts that biometrics is used to measure or quantify the traits or characteristics of a living being. The term is now used mostly, to refer to the science and technology of using unique biological and behavioral characteristics, to verify a person`s identity. According to the timeline of biometrics history, the first recorded use of biometrics was in 1858, when the first systematic capture of hand images was used for identification purposes. The field of biometrics, has grown and developed ever since, into a more sophisticated field, where finger vein technology is already been used for computer access. Biometrics is now used is several applications including obtaining driver`s license and passport, accessing bank accounts, law enforcement, corrections (prisons &jails), network security, e-commerce computer access, access to facilities, cars, mobile phones, and so many emerging applications currently undergoing research. The use of biometrics has also been used in prison environments over the years, for access control, tracking and regulating the movement of inmates, personnel and visitors, into and out of the prison buildings.

Discussion

Biometrics in Chicago

Biometrics is the scientific technology of measuring and statistically analyzing biological data. In information technology, biometrics refers to instruments and systems that measure and analyzes human body characteristics. It is on the basis of intrinsic or behavioral traits of human that a biometric system can successfully recognize him (Jain & Kumar, 2010).

Human characteristics can be used as a parameter for a biometric instrument. These characteristics may be physiological or behavioral. The scope of any biometric system depends upon the requirements of universality, uniqueness, performance and acceptability. There are certain physical attributes that are being used to satisfy each and every requirement. These requirements comprise of facial features, figure prints, retina, iris, voice, palm print, hand geometry, keystroke dynamics, signature, and ear shape or odor. Since these traits are unique for every individual therefore biometrics is of great help against theft and fraud, particularly for commercial enterprises. This new system is superior to passwords and personal identification numbers since biometric traits cannot be lost or stolen that easily (Jain & Kumar, 2010).

After the terrible incident of 9/11 biometrical security took a new direction in the world of security in USA and other countries. The revived interest should be attributed for the purpose of potential for the generation of computer powered biometric technology. It is another major novel technique made by engineers for various purposes. This technology is operated by the computer, and computer system possessed keen information regarding various personalities. This computer based biometrics was used to bring and enhance the national security with the high level of effectiveness and efficiency. The homeland department of security in Chicago signed a multibillion dollar contract regarding the biometrics projects. It was not unseal because higher authorities and government should focus on each and every aspect of the security. This contract was signed in the year 2004, the month of ...