CELL PRACTICAL

Cell Practical

Cell Practical

2.2 Diagram A: Circulatory System

The circulatory system refers to a system of organs which transfers the hormones, nutrients (such as electrolytes, amino acids, and lymph), blood cells, gases, etc. from and to the cells across the body so that it is able to stabilize pH and body temperature, combat diseases, and sustain the homeostasis (Pratt, Rebecca, 2013). The circulatory system is essentially a network of blood distribution, however, it is also considered as being made up of the cardiovascular system, which is responsible for the lymphatic system, blood distribution and returning the surplus filtered blood plasma as lymph from the interstitial fluid (between cells). There are two types of fluids that move across the entire circulatory system: lymph and blood. Lymph is generally a blood plasma in the recycled form after returned to the lymphatic system when done with the filtration process. The cardiovascular system is formed through the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The lymphatic system is made up of lymph nodes, lymph, and lymph vessels form (West, John, 2008). The lymphatic system and cardiovascular system together form the circulatory system in the human body.

Diagram B: Respiratory System

The ventilator or the respiratory system pertains to the biological system which engages the respiratory gases to perform gas exchange in the interior. In various mammals including humans, the features of the anatomy of respiratory system comprises of the lungs, airways, and the respiratory muscles (West, John, 2010). Through diffusion, there is a passive exchange of the carbon dioxide and oxygen molecules between blood and the gaseous external environment. It is in the alveolar region of lungs that this exchange process takes place in. The entire system of respiration begins in the nose and goes up to the nasal chambers which open into a cavity at the throat which is near the mouth (Maton, Anthea; Jean, Hopkins, Johnson , McLaughlin, LaHart, Jill, (2010). Once it has passed through the pharynx, the air enters into the trachea or windpipe. Similarly, the process of respiration takes place in the lungs.

Diagram C: Neuron Cell Tissues

The primary components of a nervous system encompass the nervous tissue which contains spinal cord, brain, spinal cord, and nerves. All these components control and regulate different functions in a human body. It is made up of neurons that transfer the impulses, and the neuralgia cells help in the nerve impulses propagation along with providing nutrients to the neuron. It is the nerve cells that form the nervous tissue and they exist in different forms. All these forms are specifically featured by the long stem like part of the cell or axon which transmits the action potential signals to the next cell (MacDonald, Matthew, 2009). The nervous cells perform the functions of integration, sensory input, and homeostasis, control of muscles and glands, and mental activity.

The specialized nerve cells, called neurons, make up the nerve tissue and are used to transmit impulses and stimulate rapidly. There are many nerve fiber cells that are bound with each other through connective ...