Exploring patient's experience and perception on Nurse-Led Cardiac Clinics

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This dissertation is an opportunity for me to extend my regards to my research supervisor, my beloved friends, and my family for their untiring support that they furnished throughout my research. I am grateful to them for their belief in me and the guidance that they provided me without which I would have never been able to work on and complete this research. It also signifies my own views and does not closely relate to the university.

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DECLARATION

I, (Your name), would like to declare that all contents included in this study stand for my individual work without any aid, and this proposal has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level, previously. It is also represents my very own views and not essentially those that are associated with other university.

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Table of contents

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI

DECLARATIONII

LITERATURE REVIEW1

Introduction1

Purpose of the Literature Review2

Search Strategy2

Limitations4

CHD Patients and Lifestyle5

Other outcomes examining Nurse Led Clinic Effectiveness11

Hospital Admissions12

Coronary Events, Coronary Mortality and Total Mortality12

The impact of Nurse led clinics on patients12

Patient Experiences on Nurse-Led Cardiac Clinics13

Self-Management17

REFERENCES19

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction

The condition of CVD or Cardiovascular disease is a worldwide leading cause of mortality (World Health Organization, 2011). WHO, (2011) estimated that in the year of 2008, around 7.3 million individuals died because of the condition of CHD or Coronary heart disease, and approximately 6.2 million of individual died from cerebrovascular disease. Conventionally, the cardiovascular disease is thought to be considered as a disease of males nevertheless, more women along with men die due to the cardio vascular diseases as compared to any other condition (Mosca et al., 2011, pp.1243; WHO, 2009). In general, the rates of death from the Cardiovascular disease has turned down in current times, however, the disease burden remains high (Roger et al., 2011, pp. 18). In the United Kingdom, an approximate of 88,236 individuals died due to coronary heart disease (CHD) consequences, however, more than 12,500 of such individuals were under 65 years of age (Scarborough et al., 2010). The prevention through the health management and promotion of the cardiovascular disease is the health care professional responsibility, comprising of nurses as well (NICE 2010). In Scotland, the coronary heart disease prevalence was estimated to have 182,747 cases (ISD Scotland 2011). SIGN (2007) guidelines suggest that inadequate dietary intake, raised cholesterol levels, diabetes, hypertension, low exercise levels, high alcohol consumption, and smoking impacts the enhancing coronary heart disease incidences. Therefore, the cardio vascular disease is considered to be an umbrella term covering stroke, peripheral arterial disease, myocardial infarction, and angina.

The hours reductions of junior doctors, nursing workforce and their waiting time targets to take on the means of extended and advanced role that more clinics tends to become nurse led for diverse extent. The main aim of introducing clinics for nurses is to contain the cost and integrate better all the care pathways from an acute phase to the rehabilitative phase specifically, for diminutive stays in hospital (Wiles et ...