FLUID FLOW

Design & Build: Fluid Flow

Design & Build: Fluid Flow

Abstract

In this study we try to explore the concept of building a rig in a holistic context. The main focus of the research is designing and building fluid flow on and its relation with measuring the flow of a fluid with the help of pressure meter. The research also analyzes many aspects of measuring the flow rate at different pump speeds and tries to gauge its effect on the fluid flow. The importance of flow measurement in the industry has grown in the past 50 year, not just because it was widespread use for accounting purposes, such as custody transfer of fluid from supplier to customers, but also because of its application in manufacturing processes. Examples of the industrial involvement in flow measurement includes food and beverage, oil and gas industrial, medical, petrochemical, power generation, and water distribution and etc. Finally the research describes various factors which are responsible for the measurement of fluid flow i.e. friction factor influenced the parameters (pressure and flow rate) which were measured and tries to describe the overall behavior of fluid flow has been put into practice by the engineers today.

Background

Flow measurement is the determination of the quantity of a fluid, either a liquid, or vapor, that passes through a pipe, duct or open channel. (Batchelor, 2007) Flow may be expressed as a rate of volumetric flow (such as gallons per minute, cubic meters per minute, cubic feet per minute), mass rate of flow (such as kilograms per hour, pounds per hour), or in terms of a total volume or mass flow (integrated rate of flow for a given period of time). Fluid flow measurement can be divided into several types; each type requires specific considerations of such factors as accuracy requirements, cost considerations, and use of the flow information to obtain the required end results. Normally the flow meter is measure flow indirectly by measuring a related property such as a differential pressure across a flow restriction or a fluid velocity in a pipe. (Chanson, 2009) A number of different fundamental physical principles are used in flow measurement devices. When selecting the flowmeter for the specific applications, certain studied have to be carried out. Review the certain meters service record and reference to industry standards and users within an industry are important points to review in choosing the best meter for the given applications. Difference fluid properties (viscosity, type of fluid, velocity profiles, flow profiles, Reynolds number) are the important cause of the differential flow measurement available in market. (Acheson, 2000) A lot of flowmeter techniques have been developed with each suit to a particular application, only few flowmeter can used for widespread application and no one single can use for all applications.

To select a suitable flowmeter for a particular application it was not an easy task especially with the wide variety of flowmeters in the market. It requires considerable evaluation of the total cost, fluid state, flowing condition, Reynolds number, density, rangeability, mechanical ...