Investigating possible side effects of boron neutron capture therapy

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This dissertation is an opportunity for me to extend my regards to my research supervisor, my beloved friends, and my family for their untiring support that they furnished throughout my research. I am grateful to them for their belief in me and the guidance that they provided me without which I would have never been able to work on and complete this research. It also signifies my own views and does not closely relate to the university.

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DECLARATION

I, (Your name), would like to declare that all contents included in this study stand for my individual work without any aid, and this proposal has not been submitted for any examination at academic as well as professional level, previously. It is also represents my very own views and not essentially those that are associated with other university.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI

DECLARATIONII

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION1

Problem statement1

Background of the Problem2

Purpose of the Study4

Significance of the study4

Aims and Objectives5

Research Question5

Outline of the Study5

Research Design6

Gantt chart6

Limitations7

Definition of the key concepts8

Cancer8

Gliomas8

Melanoma8

Metastasis9

Carcinoma9

Squamous cell carcinomas9

Tumour9

Malignant10

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW11

Malignant brain tumour11

Symptoms of malignant tumours of brain11

Advanced head and neck cancer12

Physical and Neurological Effects of Brain Cancer13

Surgical effects14

Effects of Radiation15

Temporal Pattern of Change Acute Complications16

Early-Delayed Complications18

Late-Delayed Complications19

Effects of Radiation on Brain Glucose Metabolism20

Research in Animals21

Neutron capture therapy of cancer21

Choice of a neutron capture nuclide22

Boron23

Boron-10 for neutron capture therapy23

Boron neutron capture therapy23

History25

Types of radiation delivered26

Biological effectiveness factors26

Boron containing compounds used in BNCT28

Clinical studies of boron neutron capture therapy (Treatment of melanoma)28

Effectiveness and safety from boron neutron capture therapy29

Summary30

REFERENCES33

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

Over the past few decades, the new methods of development for cancer treatment have been of a constant interest. It is spurring by severe limitations to approach the existing therapeutic approaches that usually couple with the rising trends of the head and neck cancer occurrence. Boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has had noteworthy victory in the gliobastoma treatment and has potential for application to other tumours as well. For certain cancers, Neutron capture therapy (NCT) also offers an exceedingly selective therapy. This study therefore investigated the possible side effects of boron neutron capture therapy so that head and neck cancers can be treated effectively (Kabalka & Yao, 2006, pp.111).

This study will highlight the research methods used which includes library services and database. All the previous studies will be focused to discover the possible side effects of neutron capture therapy. Furthermore there will be a critical appraisal describing and discussing on what is known on the question and what needs to be explored and also highlighting on how the quality of research will be assessed to justify the reliability and validity of the research.

Problem statement

Malignant brain tumour and advanced head and neck cancer are the most common and dangerous form of cancers that are tremendously resistant to all current forms of therapy such as gene therapy, immunotherapy, radio therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. The cancers are ongoing attention that usually differs from the encounter based traditional care for the acute ...