Management of Type 2 Diabetes among Elderly People

By

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

No words can express my appreciation and gratitude to my research advisor _______ through the course of this research, Professor _____has taught me numerous values that extend well beyond the realm of human resource management. His emphasis on dedication to work and his valuable and practical insights of life are some of the major highlights of my education at The University _________. To Professor _____, I say with great respect, thank you very much.

DECLARATION

I [type your full first names and surname here], declare that the contents of this dissertation/thesis represent my own unaided work, and that the dissertation/thesis has not previously been submitted for the academic examination towards any qualification. Furthermore, it represents my own opinions and not necessarily those of the University.

Signed __________________ Date _________________

Abstract

The 65 plus population utilizes a proportionally higher percentage of resources in the health care system, and provides extensive opportunities for improvement of care. The number of type diabetes patients is increasing throughout the world. In United Kingdom, the type II diabetes is a serious problem. The study attempts to highlight the causes that ark the on-set of diabetes among the elderly. It also seeks to explore ways in which type II diabetes could be managed among the elderly population. A variety of short- and long-term complications make diabetes a challenging chronic health condition. Several short-term complications of diabetes include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), diabetic hyperosmolar syndrome (high blood sugar), and diabetic ketoacidosis. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop below 60 mg/dL as a result of exercise, skipping meals, medications or other reasons. The observed relationship between health care coverage and needing medical care for diabetes is not surprising. Lack of health care coverage is generally recognized as a barrier to medical care and is one of the reasons for the existence of health disparities. In particular, middle-aged participants were less likely to have health care coverage and more likely to indicate not being able to get medical care for their diabetes in the last 12 months than elderly participants. More effort is needed to help middle-aged participants receive medical care for their diabetes and a policy providing universal health care coverage in middle-age would help alleviate this barrier. Clearly, more effort is needed to improve nutrition knowledge and behavior, weight loss or control, and exercise behaviors

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTII

DECLARATIONIII

ABSTRACTIV

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1

Background of the Study1

Causes1

Diagnosis2

Symptoms of Type II Diabetes2

Problem Statement3

Purpose of the Study3

Research Questions3

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW4

Defining Diabetes7

Treatment options9

Conceptual framework: The Chronic Care Model10

Quality Care in Diabetes Management12

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY17

Search Technique19

Literature Search19

Inclusion and exclusion criteria21

Additional Online searches21

Ethical Concerns21

Reliability and Dependability23

Validity24

CHAPTER 4: DISCUSSION26

Diabetes Complications26

Current treatments28

Implementation of Quality Care in the Primary Care Setting29

Strategies for measuring standards of care and care improvement30

Implementation31

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION32

Practical Implications and Recommendations33

REFERENCE34

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The number of people with type II diabetes is steadily increasing and this trend is attributed to lifestyle "Western", which is associated with physical inactivity and the obesity, and aging of the ...