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Reconciliation in Conflict Ridden Societies

Introduction

The idea of reconciliation has been developed significantly in the last 02 decades. It is growing like a main term of political dialogue. The reconciliation procedurees have repeatedly been involved in tasks which are perhaps not linked to it, such as assisting developing cultures to handle terrible history, sitting rather uneasily with 'rule of law' model, to fix and complete political changes. Many cultures have experienced a history of violence, colonization, oppression, and structural discrimination, from eastern Europe to Africa and from Asia to South America. The direction that peace resolutions put on law is related to forgetting past inequalities and placing bitter conflicts apart for the sake of community, democracy, or the country. In today's “age of confession”, law has been associated with the extremely difficult mission of creating mutual adjustment, the mission of reconciliation and justice. (Rotberg, 172)

This paper discusses how reconciliation in South Africa (after Apartheid), Rwanda (after the Genocide), and Australia (after the regime acknowledged its oppression of its native people) has helped these countries to move towards democracy. It also analyses the challenges these countries faced.

Discussion

Commissions related to peace and reconciliation are the investigative groups made to unearth truths about deeply controversial and divisive issues in a particular culture. They normally do not focus on trials. They rather focus on general conciliation and transparency. Official pardon may be granted to secret police, human rights abusers, and previous administration officials so as to facilitate truthful testimony. In this regard, the first commission was started in Soth Africa after the ending of apartheid regime. Model successes have been gotten in this regard. Missions in East Timor, Panama, Nigeria, and other countries are the examples of successful reconciliation missions. All of these cultures required to reconcile and uncover their histories. In a few situations, commissions suggested that compensation be made. (Schaap, 47-55)

Reconciliation efforts have always been supported by a variety of organizations, such as Rwanda (by non-governmental groups), El Salvador (by UN), and state administrations with good majority. They have performed their work in different durations, and created diverse reports, results, and advices. For some critics, the Reconciliation missions are believed as partly successful (such as in South Africa, El Salvador) and have also been considered ineffectual or forgotten (Chad, Haiti and Uruguay).

These sort of thoughts forces us to reconsider some of the suppositions about the association of rule as a perimeter and remedial of politics. The utilization of law globally to produce political aims of any specific type has been common. It has been employed in many situation such as:

To provide answers to Rwandan murders, Australian genocide, and Armenian killings,

To outline the Good Friday Agreement in Ireland and offer the freedom of 'political' prisoners,

To obtain the change in South Africa (SA) and to promise a new legal pleasure for a peaceful country,

To make truth commissions and tribunals all through the Americas and Africa with the principle of founding a proof of the history ...