SAND CASTING

Sand Casting

Introduction to Solidification Process1

Classification2

Introduction to Casting2

Sand Casting3

Introduction3

Basic Requirements3

Principle Concepts of Sand casting4

Process8

Advantages8

Disadvantages9

Examples of Products manufactured9

Conclusion9

References10

Sand Casting

Introduction to Solidification Process

Process of solidification engage the molten region containment, which as a result of cooling, turns over time to comprehend a full actual product. A phenomenon that appears around a wide range of time scales and length used to control the solute component segregation and solid moisture formation. A perfect model of a solidification process needs to pass through these phenomena. Standardize models for solidification brings to bear a detached node point grid and the associated element volume in an appropriate domain along with a discrete time step. This was done in order to monitor the nodal value transient changes. Further defining the microstructure and the composition.By using such types of models, an impressive progress achieved in order for completely understanding the process of solidification (Voller, 2001).Since the models of solidification have become sophisticated, but still they all fall into the difficulty of resolving full range times and space. There can be two approaches made to solve these problems, which are:

Using the Direct Microstructure Simulation (DMS). DMS is that in which the size of the grid and step time was scaled with the smallest possible length and time scale of the identified problem

Another is micro macro modelling. In micro macro modelling the size of the grid and step time, scaled to a macroscopic processed scale and phenomena to smaller scales that further contributes to modelling of via sub grid and volume averaging

These days the direct Microstructure Solidification is not in the reach of computer power available. Also, the formation and application of micro macro models is very significant in the area of research (Voller, 2001).

Classification

The process of solidification can be classified in three categories:

Metal casting

Glasswork

Polymers and PMCs processing

Metal casting is further categorized into two categories:

Expendable mold casting

Permanent mold casting

The expendable casting additionally comprises of sand casting and other types of casting (http://www.fkm.utm).

Introduction to Casting

The process of casting can be defined as to pour a liquid in to a moulded cavity and later giving time to transform into a solid in order to get the final casting. The melted molten metal flow is dependent upon some factors such as thickness, corner presence, non-uniformity in the area of cast. The casting further classified to expendable mould casting that involves sand casting, shell moulding, investment casting, vacuum casting, plaster mould casting and ceramic mould casting. While permanent mould casting is the second type, which comprises of pressure, die casting, squeeze casting, centrifugal casting and continuous casting (http://nptel.iitm.ac.in).

Sand Casting

Introduction

Sand casting is a cost effective process that use to create rough parts of metals. Further the raw casting was performed to present the final components and products. Sand Casting is the most cheapest method of metal casting among all other methods. Though, it may need a long time to produce when there are high output rates that are one to twenty pieces per hour it can mould ...