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Socrates

Introduction

Socrates was one of the greatest philosophers of Greece, who was born, and died in Athens. Importance of his ancient Greek philosophy is that all the Greek philosophers before him called Pre-Socratic. Countless is the scholars who have dealt with Socrates, in the centuries that followed his death, many of whom are very famous. He had numerous circle of loyal friends, mostly young people from aristocratic families, from all over Greece. Some of them became known as the founders of philosophical schools of different directions. The best known as the Plato and Antisthenes in Athens, Euclid at Megara. The main sources for his life are in principle a pupil of Plato, the historian Xenophon, the philosopher Aristotle and the author of comedies Aristophanes.

He was the son of a stonemason Sofroniskosa and midwives Fainarete. He got married to Xanthippe, the mother of his three sons. He lived in Athens, where he taught conducting disputes with random passers-by on the streets, gaining in both popularity and hostility (Ross, 2009). Socrates took part in three military expeditions, which got marked by courage, as well as civilian courage in political life. Socrates is a historical figure, but did not leave behind any writings. The only thing we know about him is his student Plato relationships (in the form of written dialogues), and Xenophon, as well as transfers of Aristotle, Aristophanes and Greek historians. Pupils of Socrates differed on many issues, and their writings Socrates got often used as rhetorical authority, lecturing the views of the author. However, despite some views of controversial issues is considered truly Socratic.

Thesis Statement

Socrates thinks he is a wiser man than Aristotle, although the fact is that he is not.

Aristotle

Aristotle was one of the three, next to Socrates and Plato's most famous philosophers of Greece. He created opposition to Platonism and equally coherent philosophical system, which acted very strongly on European philosophy and science. Christian form of Aristotelians called Thomism was from the thirteenth century, and still regarded as the official philosophy of the Catholic Church. The founder of the philosophical schools located in the Gardens Likejonu, which got named after the neighboring temple of Apollo Likejosa. Aristotle placed significant contribution to astronomy, physics, biology and logic, but part of his theory of astronomical, physical and biological proved to be wrong. Too strict adherence to these theories by the representatives of scholastic philosophy became one of the reasons for delaying the development of these sciences in Europe, but on the other hand, the thought of Aristotle inspired the search for new hypotheses in cosmology and physics of critical Aristotelians in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, especially the so-called, via modernism in philosophy.

In the opinion of Aristotle, theoretical sciences are the most valuable, and thus the highest placed in the hierarchy, due to the fact that describe the knowledge of knowledge itself. Among the theoretical sciences, the highest value represents the metaphysics, which aims to satisfy only the needs of decent human cognition. Aristotle said that ...