STOMACH CANCER

Critical Discussion on the Role and Molecular Mechanisms of Bacteria in Stomach Cancer

Role and Molecular Mechanisms of Bacteria in Stomach Cancer

Helicobacter Pylori

In United States, stomach cancer is quite rare, however it's the 4th most widespread cancer in the world. Ulcer can be caused by Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) if it infects the stomach in long term. It may damage and inflame the stomach's inner layer as well. A number of these variations may cause cancer eventually, particularly cancer in the stomach's lower part. Infection of H pylori bacteria is connected with few kinds of stomach lymphoma as well.

Majority of stomach cancer's cases are considered to be connected to infection of H pylori. And still, the majority of patients who have H pylori in stomach will never become the victim of cancer (Parsonnet, Friedman, Vandersteen, Chang, Vogelman, Orentreich, & Sibley, 1991, pp.1127-1131).

Almost one in three adults has proof of H pylori infection, and this rate is high in adult age groups people. This is not sure that how exactly H pylori might be transfer from one another, however a expected spreading route is via a route of fecal-oral, for example via sources of contaminated water. Actually, well water with contamination has been associated to infection of H pylori in the U.S. As the DNA of bacteria is presented in saliva, the bacteria can be spread from mouth as well.

Human DNA is Damaged by Stomach Bacterium; Factor of Risk for Stomach Cancer

Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria of stomach and is considered as one of the major factors of risk for the stomach cancer development, the 3rd most ordinary reason of deaths related to cancer within the globe. The molecular scientist of Zurich University has now acknowledged a H pylori method, which harms the cells' DNA within the stomach mucose and puts them up for transmitting the malignant (Toller, Neelsen, Steger, Hartung, Hottiger, Stucki, & Müller, 2011, pp.14944-14949).

The stomach cancer is often fatal and is among the most ordinary cancers: Every 3rd death caused by cancer is because of gastric carcinoma. The stomach cancer development's major risk factor is the gastric mucosa's chronic infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacterium. Since its discovery in the year 1983, biologists are perplexing over the triggering carcinogenesis' mechanisms of molecules. Currently, a number of teams of research that are led by Professor Massimo Lopes and Professor Anne Müller of Molecular Cancer Research Institute at Zurich University have showed the way Helicobacter pylori damages animal and human host cells within the vitro experiments (Toller, Neelsen, Steger, Hartung, Hottiger, Stucki, & Müller, 2011, pp.14944-14949). The research that was issued in the PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) demonstrates that host cells infection can cause breaks within both of the strands of DNA double helix.

Damaging Extent is Dependent on the Infection Duration

Lopes, Müller and their team members even demonstrate that the double-strand's breaks frequency relies on the infection duration and intensity. The breaks within the DNA that are induced by Helicobacter pylori set off the natural DNA damage ...