Psychological Disorder and its Pharmacological Treatment

Psychological Disorder and its Pharmacological Treatment

Introduction

A large number of psychological disorders are a result of hereditary. These mental disorders are genetically transmitted from parents to offspring. The major psychological or mental disorders which are related to hereditary are schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and autism. Other psychological disorders, which have minor association with hereditary, include depression, anxiety, personality disorders, and substance abuse. In this paper, we will discuss about the Schizophrenia.

Discussion

Schizophrenia

The schizophrenia is a form of psychiatric illness, which is characterized the persistence of symptoms of alteration of thinking, behavior and affection, for a course of more than six months (basically chronic or recurrent), with a gravity that limit normal activities of the person. Schizophrenia is considered by psychopathology as a type of severe psychological distress, characterized mainly by the change in contact with reality (psychosis). It is a psychiatric disorder characterized by severe two or more from the following set of symptoms for at least a month: hallucinations visual, kinesthetic or auditory delusions, disorganized speech (unintelligible), catatonia and/or depressive symptoms. Along with paranoia, the schizophreniform disorder and schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia comprises the group of psychoses (Castle, 2008).

Schizophrenia is now seen not as a disease in the classic sense of the term, but as a mental disorder and can affect people of any age, gender, race, social class and country. According to studies by WHO, about 1% of world population is affected by the schizophrenia. Although the disorder is principally concerned with cognition, it can manifest itself in behavioral and emotional way. Since there are a variety of combinations of symptoms that can result in a diagnosis of schizophrenia, it is difficult to say that there is a single mental disorder. Contemporary research often focuses on the role of neurology and genetics in the schizophrenia. The similar conditions of schizophrenia can also result from physical illnesses and drugs, so-called organic psychosis and drug-induced psychosis, and in the so-called hysterical psychosis and depression psychosis (Veague, 2007).

People diagnosed with schizophrenia have a high likelihood of other diseases. The active state of psychosis in this respect is in third place after complete paralysis (quadriplegia), and dementia, surpassing the debilitating effects of paraplegia and blindness. However, the disease reveals considerable diversity and in no way connected with the inevitability of a chronic or progressive growth defect. In some cases, the frequency of which varies in different cultures and populations, recovery may be ...