RESISTANT BACTERIA

The Widespread Use Of Antibiotics Is Playing A Significant Role In The Emergence Of Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a specific type of drug resistance when a microorganism has the ability of withstanding the effects of antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance evolves via natural selection acting upon random mutation, but it can also be engineered by applying an evolutionary stress on a population. Once such a gene is generated, bacteria can then transfer the genetic information in a horizontal fashion (between individuals) by plasmid exchange. If a bacterium carries several resistance genes, it is called multiresistant or, informally, a superbug. The term antimicrobial resistance is sometimes used to explicitly encompass organisms other than bacteria.

Table of Content

Abstractii

CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION1

Problem Statement1

Aim and Objective1

Theoretical Framework1

Limitation of the Research2

Assumptions & Limitation2

Ethical Concerns2

CHAPTER 02: LITERATURE REVIEW4

Hospital6

Community6

The Role of Bacteria7

The Use of Antibiotics7

Antibacterial Resistance and the Environment7

Future Implications of Antibacterial Resistance8

The Project9

CHAPTER 03: METHODOLOGY10

Research Design10

CHAPTER 04: DISCUSSION11

CHAPTER 05: CONCLUSION12

Bibliography13

CHAPTER 01: INTRODUCTION

 

Problem Statement

The most significant Antibiotic resistance can also be introduced artificially into a microorganism through transformation protocols. This can aid in implanting artificial genes into the microorganism. If the resistance gene is linked with the gene to be implanted, the antibiotic can be used to kill off organisms that lack the new gene.

Aim and Objective

The aim of this The widespread use of antibiotics both inside and outside of medicine is playing a significant role in the emergence of resistant bacteria through transformation protocols.

 

Theoretical Framework

They are often used in animals but also in other industries which at least in the case of agricultural use lead to the spread of resistant strains to human populations. In some countries antibiotics are sold over the counter without a prescription which compounds the problem. In human medicine the major problem of the emergence of resistant bacteria is due to misuse and overuse of antibiotics by doctors as well as patients. Other practices contributing towards resistance include the addition of antibiotics to the feed of livestock. Household use of antibacterials in soaps and other products, although not clearly contributing to resistance, is also discouraged (as not being effective at infection control), Antibiotic Resistance Questions & Answers, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, accessed November 17, 20091 Also unsound practices in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry can contribute towards the likelihood of creating antibiotic resistant strains.

 

Limitation of the Research

A number of limitations of our study should be mentioned. These limitations furthermore supply avenues for further research. A foremost limitation is that only one association was selected. In future for the Dissertation investigations a number of distinct commerce can be chosen to advance generalizability.

Secondly, our study will use facts and numbers got from consumers to a restricted extent. Additional investigations in this area should use customer-based facts and numbers to a larger span than we will to accomplish a deeper comprehending of the methods that propel clientele reactions. It is reasonable that clientele orientation of integration has a direct result on cost storings and market-related ...