HUNGER HORMONES

The Impact of Hunger Hormones on Food Consumption and Weight Gain

By

INTRODUCTION3

PROBLEM STATEMENT4

RESEARCH AIMS AND OBJECTIVES4

RESEARCH QUESTIONS4

LITERATURE REVIEW5

The Hunger Hormones- Ghrelin and Leptin5

Biochemistry of Hunger Hormones6

How Hunger Hormones are Activated6

Hunger Hormones and Food Consumption7

METHODOLOGY9

Research Method9

Data Collection and Analysis9

Research Sampling10

DISSEMINATION DETAILS11

REFERENCES12

The Impact of Hunger Hormones on Food Consumption and Weight Gain

Introduction

A lot of information is present about what is the actual cause of weight gain. The simplest description is that those genes that have protected us from food shortage, from several years are the main cause of weight gain (Inui, 2004, pp. 439). These strong biochemical organisms are present on a smaller area in the middle part of the brain that is called hypothalamus. In the hypothalamus, there is a special region that is called arcuate nucleus. In this region, signals that direct satiety, hunger and metabolic rate are present. There are two types of cells in the arcuate nucleus. One cell, which is the hunger cell, is known as NPY/AGRP (Neuropeptide Y/Agouti Related Protein). If this cell is moved, an individual feels hungry and the metabolic rate of individual drops. The other cell that is the satiety cell is known as the POMC (Proopiomelanocortin) cell (Margetic, 2002, pp.1407). If this cell is moved, an individual do not feel hungry instead feels full, and the metabolic rate of individual increases. The two main hormones that control satiety and hunger cells are leptin and ghrelin. Stomach produces the Ghrelin cell and moves towards the brain where it activates the hunger cell and deactivates the satiety cell. In body, fat cells produce leptin, these cells move towards brain where these cells activate the satiety cell and deactivate the hunger cell. When an individual gains weight; he/she has a large number of fat cells and therefore, they have high levels of leptin cells. The high levels of leptin in combination with the high levels of insulin deactivates the cells of the stomach that forms ghrelin hormones, therefore, the levels of ghrelin in the body of an individual are low

Problem Statement

The toxicity of weight gain can be divided into three classes: inflammatory, hormonal and physical. The physical class is somewhat direct, the more an individual weighs, the harder it becomes for the musculoskeletal system to carry the weight of the individual. For instance, weight within the knees is multiplied by a factor of 5; therefore every extra weight of 20 pounds causes a force of extra 100 pounds on the joint of the knee.

Research Aims and Objectives

The aim of this research is to find out the impact of hunger hormones on weight gain and food consumption. The main objective of the research is to investigate the biochemistry of appetite in relation with obesity.

Research Questions

The main research questions will include:

What is impact of hunger hormones on food consumption and weight gain?

What are the factors associated with the hunger hormones leading to weight gain?

What is the biochemistry of appetite that causes obesity in an individual?

What is the toxicity of obesity?

Literature Review ...