BARIATRIC SURGERY

Bariatric Surgery



Bariatric Surgery

Introduction

At present, bariatric surgery is the only available treatment for morbid obesity that consistently achieves and maintains substantial weight loss, decreases the incidence and severity of obesity-related co morbidities, and improves overall quality of life and survival. Current National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines recommend bariatric surgery for individuals with a body mass index (BMI) of >40 kg/m2 and for those with a BMI >35 kg/m2 who also have serious medical problems that may improve with weight loss. The most commonly performed bariatric operations are the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and the laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB). Other bariatric operations include the vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), which seems to be gaining in popularity recently, and the biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) with or without a duodenal switch, an operation reserved for the most severely obese patient. The purpose of the assignment is to explore information about an appropriate psychological preparation for patient before undergoing bariatric surgery. Therefore, all the aspects in this regard will be discussed in detail.

Aims and objective of Bariatric Surgery

The assessment of Bariatric surgery for patients

Precautionary measures taken for the patients before undergoing surgery

Nutritional diet needed for the patients after surgery

Monitoring of the recovery of the patients after undergoing surgery

Steps needed for improving the current state of Bariatric surgery

Rationale of the study

Bariatric surgery, a procedure that alters the digestive anatomy to promote weight loss, is an increasingly popular choice of treatment for morbidly obese individuals. The popularity, evidenced by the rise of annual bariatric surgeries performed in the United States from approximately 16,000 in the early 1990s to approximately 103,000 in 2003. Additionally, the number of practicing surgeons who are members of the American Society for Bariatric Surgery quadrupled between 1998 and 2003. The researcher reports that the rate of bariatric surgery has increased fourfold since 1994 because of the increase in numbers of obese people; failure of diets, exercise, medical interventions; and the introduction of laparoscopic surgeries. Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, performed using a small video camera that projects images of the individual's internal anatomy onto a monitor that the surgeon can see virtually without making a large incision into the patient. Only a few small incisions take and, the instruments have proper placement through the incisions. This form of surgery results in less pain, quicker recovery, and, smaller scars in the patients (Bauchowitz, 2007, 558).

Psychological problems associated with research

The two most common types of bariatric surgery in the United States are the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and the laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). The RYGB is the most common bariatric surgery in the United States, and, recently surgeons have started to perform this surgery laparoscopically. This bariatric surgery is primarily restrictive, meaning the surgeon creates a small gastric pouch, which restricts the amount of food an individual can eat at any given time; however, the surgery does include a malabsorption component, as food bypasses the duodenum and proximal ...