COGNITIVISM & BEHAVIORISM

Cognitivism & Behaviours

Cognitivism and Behaviorism

Introduction

Learning and development are the concepts that are always attached with the human being. There are various theories and concepts that have been put forward by many theorists and philosophers. This paper presents arguments related to the factors of cognitivism and behaviorism. This paper covers various aspects of these two phenomena.

Cognitive Revolution

The cognitive revolution is the name given to the passage of transition of behaviorism to cognitivism as a paradigm of the scientific community in psychology. The most important historical events that led to this step were the review of the book Verbal Behavior Skinner by Chomsky (1957) and the publication of the book "Cognitive Psychology" by Ulrich Neisser (1967). Critics of the idea of ??cognitive revolution argue that there is an adequate description of the history of psychology. You cannot say that behaviorism has been refuted in the sense of Karl Popper, or has entered into a period of anomalies in the sense of Kuhn, or that has degenerated as a research program in the sense of Lakatos. The passage to cognitivism is not due to a failure of behavioral concepts in explaining phenomena, but to a change in the interest of many researchers, and explains issues sociological than epistemological (Baars 2006, 10).

According to Leahey (1992), changes in the psychology metatheoretical not have the characteristics of revolutions, but it has the concept of gradual changes. Kuhn's thesis has been questioned, and the trend in history and philosophy of science is to emphasize continuity rather than revolutions. Kuhn retracted many of his more controversial proposals, although many psychologists ignore it. Instead of a history of revolutions, the history of psychology should analyze multiple research traditions (Restle 2005, 16).

Kuhn's Criteria

During the twentieth century two schools of thought have had decisive influence on the psychology of learning. According to Kuhn, these movements constitute two revolutions paradigmatic science, followed by the corresponding period of normal science. Such speed would be given by the Behaviorism and Cognitive Psychology. For Kuhn, a scientific revolution is for the abandonment of a paradigm and the adoption of a new one, not by a single scientist but by the community as a whole. Kuhn developed his theory according to the historical situation. A characteristic feature of his theory is the importance attached to the revolutionary nature of scientific progress, in which a revolution is the abandonment of a structure theory and ...