CRIME TYPOLOGIES

Crime Typologies

Crime Typologies

The criminal justice system was created to maintain a certain level of peace with in society, and regulate people from making wrong decisions. After a crime has been committed the police are called and an investigation is administered by a law enforcement officers. If and when a suspect is caught, he or she will be placed under arrest and taken to the local city or county jail. The individual will be processed and incarcerated for the night. In the morning the suspect will stand in front of a judge and a bail will be issued. The bail is set amount of money that promises the court that the defendant will return to his or her next hearing.

According to Inciardi et al. (1997, pp.261-278), the continuing of therapeutic community treatment and sufficient length of follow up time, a consistent pattern of reduction of drug use and recidivism exists. Their study shows the effectiveness of the program extending beyond the in-prison program. New York's model for rehabilitation is called the Stay'n Out Program. This is a therapeutic community program that was established in 1977 by a group of recovered addicts (Wexler et al. 1992, pp. 156-175). The program was evaluated in 1984 and it was reported that the program reduced recidivism for both males and females. Also, from this study, the “time-in-program” hypothesis was formed. This came from the finding that successful outcomes were directly related to the amount of time that was spent in treatment.

In the United States, therapeutic communities are used in the rehabilitation of drug addicts in and out of prison. These communities involve a type of group therapy that focuses more on the person a whole and not so much the offense they committed or their drug abuse. They use a “community of peers” and role models rather than professional clinicians. They focus on lifestyle changes and tend to be more holistic (Lipton 1998, pp. 106-109). By getting inmates to participate in these programs, the prisoners can break their addiction to drugs. By freeing themselves from this addiction they can change their lives. These therapeutic communities can teach them some self-control and ways that they can direct their energies into more productive things, such as sports, religion, or work.

Seven out of every ten men and eight out of every ten women in the criminal justice system used drugs with some regularity prior to entering ...