CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Criminology and Criminal Justice



Criminology and Criminal Justice

Introduction

Criminology is a critical study of crime through a perspective that considers the conflict causes and contexts of crime, deviance and disorder, but it was also known as a radical criminology and the new criminology. This perspective combines a wide range of concerns around the most radical, such as Marxism and feminism. It incorporates a large number of ideas and political lines, usually associated with a position in conflict with classical criminology.

Background

The increase in epistemological questions on the ideological foundations of criminology has been the cornerstone of criminologists. Critical studies are extremely important in this regard and that we all stand on our feet with our own budgets (Braithwaite 1993 Swaaningen 1997 p15).

In the early stages of critical criminology, the concept of alienation is used. This led to the diversion to see as an affirmation of human values and a methodology on how this statement has been checked. A political economy appeared too. The crime was seen as linked to inequalities in the production and ownership. This approach is based on perceptions rather than conservative or liberal radicals. Critique of theoretical approaches and criminal justice policies, which aims to expose the ideological nature of ideas about crime. It focuses on structures, policies and ideologies that underlie the definition of crime and criminal law, emphasizing the importance of capitalism in the generation of some responses to crime and instead rely on multivariate descriptions (White IM & Haines, 2004).

The basic concept of this perspective is its concern with power structures that are institutionalized and reflect the social interests that oppress certain groups of society, ie the working class. Believes that the criminal justice system as unfair, a party that works for grades. Its mission is to discover the nature of power relations underlying that determine how they deal with different groups trying to develop strategies to change the current social order.

Considered that the criminal conduct that has a structural origin, the behavior is based on the way societies are organized at the institutional level. Interactions also an ideology that people have an element of choice regarding their behavior. For interactionalist is that the offense is committed by all the different classes and different social classes commit crimes. Although the difference in interactionist not seen as passive victims of deviant labeling, because the choice and power.

Literature Review

Taylor, Walton and Young insist that criminals choose to break the law. To erase all the theories that consider human behavior as driven by external forces. They believe that the person to move to the crime as an attempt by the actor to build and develop the design itself (Haralambos et al, 1996).

William Bongo was presented as a predecessor of critical criminology (Turk, 1969, Taylor et al., 1973). He was one of the first to examine the relationship between inequality, economic conditions and crime. It was a revolution in the Marxist tradition Bernstien. Bongo suggested a more equal socio-economic conditions to prevent the crimes of poverty ...