Deafness

Abstract

This paper is about common hearing disorder that is deafness. Deafness is a condition when the auditory senses stops working or do not work in a normal state. Moreover this paper will focus on the description of the disorder, the causes, signs, symptoms and treatment.

Deafness

Introduction

Deafness is a partial or complete failure to hear. In this condition the auditory senses do not work properly or are completely unable to work. It is the inability to receive stimulus sound and to recognize sound by identifying vibrations through the ear. (Cremers, 2010)

Discussion

Description of Deafness

The origins of deafness are three congenital malformations and genetic causes' otitis. Generally, this kind of deafness is acquired as a result of tubal obstruction and otitis of various types.Iis the inability to receive stimulus sound. Congenital, acquired and is often associate with the inability to speak (gluchoniemota).There are several criteria when classifying the different types of hearing loss or deafness.

Conductive hearing loss or transmission

Caused by diseases or obstructions in the outer or middle ear (conductive pathways through which the sound reaches the inner ear), conductive hearing loss usually affect all frequencies evenly ear, though not severe losses resulting. A person with a hearing loss can use either conductive hearing or can be helped by medical or surgical interventions.

Sensory Hearing Loss, Sensorineural or Perception

Are cases in which the inner ear hair cells, or nerves that supply, are damaged. This hearing loss can range from mild to profound loss. Often affect the person's ability to hear certain frequencies more than others, so that listening to sound distorted, even when using a headset amplifier. However, currently the major technological features of digital hearing aids are capable of amplifying only weak frequencies, distorting the waveform inversely to the deaf person perceives the sound as similar as possible as would happen with a hearing person. (Emery,2010)

Mixed Hearing Loss

It refers to those cases in which there are aspects of conductive and sensory loss, so that there are problems in both the outer or middle ear and the inner. Such loss may also be due to damage to the central nervous system kernel, either in the brain or pathways in the brain itself. Care must be taken with all kinds of hard hits in the hearing, as they are the main cause of this type of deafness.

Central Hearing Loss

This refers only and exclusively to injuries in the auditory centers of the brain.

Depending on the cause of hearing loss

The etiology of hearing impairment can be from exogenous as maternal rubella during pregnancy, Rh incompatibility ... and often cause other problems (visual impairments, motor, cognitive). Either can be a hereditary deafness, which, being recessive, usually involves no associated disorders.

Depending on the age of onset of hearing loss

The time that appears deaf is crucial to language development of the individual, so that we can distinguish three groups:

Prelingually: if the disability occurred before acquiring spoken language (within 2 years).

Perilocutivos: if the disability came while acquiring spoken language (2-3 years).

Poslocutivos: if the disability came after acquiring spoken language (after 3 ...