DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINALITY

Development of Criminality

Development of Criminality

Introduction

It is important to examine why people commit crimes. Previously many theories have been emerged and researchers are still exploring theories which are related to development of crime within a person. Many theories have been proved to be valid in some cases while in other cases, blend of different theories assisted in understanding and explaining the crime. The aim of the paper is to outline two theories that develop criminality in people.

Discussion

The theories which contribute much towards the development of criminality in people are Psychological and Sociological theories.

Psychological Theories

There are various diverse psychological models of criminal behavior which ranges from early Freudian nations to later social & cognitive psychological models. In this essay not all of the psychological models will be discuss which assist development of criminal behavior but various fundamental assumptions will be explained i.e. human behavior (Glaser D., 1956, pp. 433).

The analysis of primary unit in the psychological theories is the individuals

The main motivational element is Personality which drives behavior inside the individuals.

Normality, particularly explained through the social consensus.

The development of crime is due to the dysfunctional, abnormal or inappropriate mental processes inside the individual personality.

Criminal behavior might be useful for those people to the degree or extent certain needs.

There are varieties of causes for Abnormal, defective or any mental processes, which can be due to the diseased mind, improper conditioning, inappropriate learning, the emulation of inappropriate role models and lastly, the inner conflict adjustments.

Psychological Model last assumption indicates that there are different and variety of reasons and causes for the existence of criminal behavior, beside this there are general targeted principle towards the individuals that will be effective for crime control. Therefore, the model also provide an assumption that there is psychological criminal sub-set and currently this is defined as anti-social personality disorder in the DSM-IV and before this, it was define as the psych-path or socio-path (Barlow, David H. & Durand, V. Mark, 2006, pp. N/A).

Such kind of criminal views deviant behavior of earlier life and this is linked with self centeredness deficiency of empathy and capacity to observe others as tools for their requirements. For these individuals, controlling will be much extreme and public policies might not be rigorous adequate to curb the criminal behavior in the small sub-set.

The above mentioned six principles for establishing psychological description of criminal behavior could recommend initially that the traditional imprisonment, court sanctions and fines are founded on operant learning models of crime behavior control. The basis of operant learning model is on the concept of utilitarian which entire people wishes to maximize or increase pleasure and minimize or reduce discomfort or pain (Harre R., 2006, pp. 217).

Skinner Reinforcement and Punishment Social Psychological Theories have been influential in model of criminal control though the punishment for crime idea has much long history. Generally speaking, punishments are termed as ant sanctions which have been developed to reduce the particular behavior, hence, jail sentences, fines and ...