HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

Human Anatomy and Physiology

Human Anatomy and Physiology

Rock climbing has increased in popularity in the last 15-20 years both as a recreational physical activity and as a competitive sport. Sport climbing is the branch of climbing in which the element of danger is reduced by preplacing protection points in the rock or indoor wall. Because the hazard element is mostly taken, the personal difficulty of each ascend can be high. Falls are commonplace and are somewhat safe. Competitive sport climbing is governed by the International Council for Competition Climbing (ICC) which is a constituent part of the International Union of Alpinist Associations (UIAA). The ICC is to blame for the management and development of all facets of the games of worldwide affray climbing, and the UIAA has been allocated acknowledgement by the worldwide Olympic managing group as an inter-member federation. There are several distinct kinds of ascending competitions: premier, bouldering, hasten ascending, and ice climbing. For the reasons of this reconsider, focus will be on investigations of premier or peak cord situations.

Physiological Responses to Climbing

Oxygen consumption

The act of ascending normally engages maintained and intermittent forearm sinew contractions. There is probably a major role for the lower limbs for upward propulsion, although this has not been quantified. It is important to emphasise that those studies that have measured oxygen consumption (?VO2) during climbing have measured ''whole body ?VO2'' at the mouth, and the relative contributions from the upper and lower body musculature have yet to be differentiated. The ?VO2 associated with climbing has been measured during indoor climbing (leading and top roping) and while climbing on a specific climbing treadmill. Billat et al showed in a small group (n = 4) of ''high level climbers'' that climbing ?VO2 was 24.9 (1.2) ml/kg/min, which corresponded to 45.6% of maximal treadmill ?VO2. ...