Juvenile justice legal issues



Juvenile Justice Legal Issues

Introduction

The juvenile justice system is the result of a long process of maturation of civic consciousness, which, over time, has been recognizing the specific condition of the child. As a result of this criminal policy has attempted to build a differentiated system of criminal law which tends to the protection of children's rights, first and foremost the right to education. Over the centuries, the social function of punishment and, in particular, the implementation of the sanctions system, have been the subject of numerous studies by the science of criminal law. However, it often happens that we face the problem of juvenile justice issues assuming that preserve the historical reasons, cultural and social specificity of this justice than the ordinary. The social debate on juvenile justice must then wonder at what point has arisen a separate juvenile justice and to address such social problems, since the impulses that have made it arise are related to specific historical periods, specific cultures and to a certain conception of minors and justice.

Discussion

The idea of ??restoring the social negated by an individualized treatment of the subject, linked to the ways and spaces of the prison facility, was in crisis and had been put into question the principles on which it based this policy. Were the same operators juvenile justice system that, in part, lined up in a critical position towards the obvious and glaring lack of facilities in schools and decided advanced requests for renewal. A new generation of juvenile judges prospected the will, and the possibility of reaching a complete decriminalization of the rules on sanctions, including through the use of the declaration of immaturity. At the same time, a similar movement of social workers from the Ministry of Justice, operating in both decentralized and in Rome, identified as a key intervention on the social, that is in the territorial context, calling for the transition of power from the state to regional competences (Shoemaker & Wolfe,2005).

Throughout the twentieth century, the purpose of punitive action on adolescents seems to have remained essentially the same, namely, the recovery of individuals and correction of pipelines; techniques and mechanisms to achieve this purpose were being changed as the socio historical context and the accumulation of knowledge about the poor adolescents and their individual trajectories. Since the questions initially put the training market of labor, wage labor and spatial planning of the metropolis to the management of urban problems related to poverty, the techniques adopted by punitive juvenile justice system (the pedagogy of labor, replacement family care, treatment of social relations) were and still are referred to social problem the moment and sought, and still seek, to account for a known object, juvenile delinquency (Griffin, 2005).

Objectively, it is not yet possible to comparatively evaluate the effectiveness of different techniques adopted by punitive juvenile justice system. As the notions of evaluation and monitoring, currently in vogue, there is little possibility of obtaining time series data on recidivism and other variables that allow for longitudinal ...