Learning and Development Critique

Learning and Development Critique

Modified Approach

The behavioral approach tries to portray the relation amongst consequences, stimuli and responses. This learning approach looks at the possible stimuli which precede the behaviors, the response of the behavior and the outcomes of the behavior after its occurrence. The sub-divisions of the behavioral learning include instrumental conditioning, classical and operant conditioning. The black box approach is the modified behavioral approach which aims towards the understanding of the stimulus' measure of objectives which are provided to the animal for determining the resultant outcome of the stimulus. The three major and main theories and concepts are taken into consideration by the radical behavioral theory. These theories and concepts include schema theory, meaningful learning and cognitive theory. After studying these thee theories and concepts to the radical behavioral theory, it has been concluded that they lack certain meaningful information and knowledge in the behavioral theory (Konner, 2010). This lack of knowledge is due to the progression and advancement of information technology.

In the behavioral learning, an individual puts emphasis on the requirement of the concisions efforts for the commencement of the process of education. The radical behavioral modification was because the theory is not based on the social context as well as the learning social settings' impact or influence on the individual's learning process. The behavioral approach has been modified in adding the black box approach because of the fact that it centers on the measures of the objectives as well on the basis of the provided stimulus (Love & Guthrie, 2009). In the modified approach, the entire process of learning and development is done at the brain level. Through this, the clarification and justification of the differences in the responses can be determined.

Critique on the Biological Basis of Learning and Memory

There has been much criticism regarding the black box approach. The black box approach is a behaviorist model representing only relations between input and output. It is not clear, however, why a particular input to a specific output is related. This approach regards the brain as a mere black box that responds to a stimulus that applied automatically with a response. The approach does an exclusive analysis of the relationship between input and output, but ignores it internal, variable, that the central nervous system are controlled drives for behavior which are noticeable, for example, hunger. Piaget also rejects the black box approach. The successors of Piaget backed away from the modified approach to behaviorism and cognition due to the bewildering maturational and genetically factors associated with the approach. Due to this fact, there was a lack of research and understanding regarding this approach which resulted in the discontinuation of the development processes (Kazantzis et al, 2009). The critics believed that the cognitive approach is the only method for increasing the psychosocial growth of the individuals. Cognitive theory is a learning theory of psychology that attempts to explain human behaviour by understanding the thought processes (Terry, 2009). The assumption is that humans are logical beings ...