NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS

Nosocomial Infections

Nosocomial Infections

Introduction

Nosocomial infections are the most common complication in hospitalized patients. Apromately a quarter of these infections occurs in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU), intensive care but not more than 10% of hospital beds 1. This complication is adapted to the definition of adverse events, including unexpected events that occur or unwanted patient care associated with 2.3. Infection is the most common adverse event, affecting approximately 2 million people in the U.S. Causing about 100,000 deaths, with an associated cost estimated at U.S. $ 5 Billion per year 4 (Herruzo, 2009).

The definition of patient safety is variable in different places and according to different authors. The most accepted definition today is what defines security as the absence of potential for the occurrence of injuries associated with the process of care, prevention of errors generated by effects or 3.5. But this creates some confusion, and can be difficult to distinguish between safety-related events with errors or complications inevitable. In addition, our ability to measure and evaluate the effect of interventions to improve patient safety is extremely limited (O'Leary, 2010).

The UCI has been identified as a key point in the development of adverse events. They work in extreme situations, and his great ability to save lives is associated with an increased risk of causing damage 6. Thus, they are an area of special interest for the development of security measures. Several programs have been described for this purpose, as the implementation of rapid response teams, sheet flows and checklists, application of care bundles in groups of patients such as sepsis, and a group of measures to prevent adverse events associated with infection as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and catheter-related sepsis (Yalcin, 2009).

Discussion

The patient care is provided in stable- foundation clinics ranging from very well equipped and technological university hospitals advanced to primary care units only basic services. Despite progress made in hospital care and public health ca, infections continue to manifest in patients hospitalized, which may also affect personal hospitals. Many factors favor the infection in hospitalized patients: a reduction immunity of patients, the greater variety medical procedures and invasive techniques, which create avenues of infection and transmission drug-resistant bacteria in crowded populations in hospitals, where poor practices con- infection control can facilitate transmission (Yamazhan, 2009).

Frequency of infection

Nosocomial infections occur throughout the world do and affect developed countries and those without resources. Infections in the stable- foundations of health care are among the top leading causes of death and increased morbidity in hospitalized patients. They are a heavy gives burden to the patient and the health system public. Nosocomial infections are the most common surgical wounds, urinary tract and respiratory tract lower trajectories. In the study and in others has also shown that the highest prevalence of Nosocomial infections occurs in care units given intensive and surgical wards and orthopedic of acute care. Rates prevalence of infection is higher in patients vulnerable due to advanced age, underlying disease or chemotherapy (Dietrich, 2007).

Effect of nosocomial infections

Nosocomial infections exacerbate the disability functional ...