POLITICAL SCIENCE

Different Policy Procedures and Their Effects

Different Policy Procedures and Their Effects

Introduction

Three types of policy models are discussed in this writing. Rationale model, Increment and mixed scanning model. Each model has its own importance, advantages and disadvantages. The implementation of these theories solely depends upon the subject and the environment in which the policy has to be formulated. Each decision making models has its own impact on the formulation of policy and the results that are required. The mixed scanning model is not a pure policy making procedure but it is a blend of the other two models therefore it is known as mixed scanning model. These models have different usability and sustainability. Like rational model is considered to be supporting the long term objective of the organization, incremental model focus on short term goals and mixed model which comprises of both the incremental and rational models supports both, short and long term goals. All these models are implemented in one way or another in various organizations across the globe.

Rational Policy Making Model

In rational decision making model initially the problem is identified. Once the problem is identified the planning criteria is analyzed and evaluated. After initial planning is done alternatives are chosen and created. One the alternative is figured out; the progress of these alternatives is monitored and evaluated. In the development of organizations this rational decision making process is very important as it deals with the logical analysis of information in order to make sound decisions. The rational decision making model follows a logical pattern, i.e. one step is logically connected to the previous step. Another thing which is important in rational decision making model is that it also weighs the available alternate so that the required result can be achieved if one strategy fails (Robbins, et. al, 2007, pp.52).

There are various steps which are followed in rational decision making. It is different from one we call problem solving technique or strategy.

First the situation is analyzed according to the decision that is needed to be made.

Then identifying the criteria for planning and strategy.

Looking for all the available outcomes and processes.

Choosing the best option among all the alternatives (Robbins, et. al, 2007, pp.52).

Disadvantages of Rational Policy Procedures

The policy making can be delayed in rational decision making because it focus on one best outcome. And in order to find that one best outcome and perfection the process is often delayed (Robbins, et. al, 2007, pp.52).

Another problem with this decision making strategy is that the policy makers are in search of all the alternatives that are available which is not possible, they plan keeping in view the future and suppose that particular strategy will lead to certain outcome but future is unpredictable.

Cognitive abilities also restrict this model as it includes memory & imagination. It is purely based on the imagination of people and what they perceive about certain procedure of doing work (Robbins, et. al, 2007, pp.52).

Incremental Policy Making Process

Incremental policy making process is a step wise decision making ...