Psychological Approaches

Psychological Approaches

Psychological Approaches

Behavioural Psychology

Behavioural Psychology studies how the living organisms develop their behaviours in response to certain challenging conditions. Classical and operant conditioning both define the Behavioural Psychology (Adler, 1989, 33).

Behavioural psychology is based on the theory that all behaviour is learned through conditioning. Behavioural Psychology, which is also known as behaviourism, argues that all behaviours are acquired by interaction with the environment through two main types of conditioning, operant conditioning and classical conditioning. Behavioural psychology theory observes that all behaviours can be studied and assessed without taking into account the internal mental state.

Classical conditioning is a technique used by behavioural psychologists based on the theory that a natural stimulus is always paired with a response. Through the study, Pavlov discovered that dogs salivate at the sound of a bell when they are called for the food (Benjamin, 1996, 44).

Strength and weaknesses

One of the major strengths of the behavioural perspective is that it only concentrates on the behaviour which can be pragmatic and controlled.

The behavioural perspective is condemn for portentous that the behaviour of most humans is mechanical and that human behaviour is simply the product of stimulus-response behaviours

The Psychodynamics Perspective - The Human Nature Is Not Always Rational

With this perspective, which is heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud's work, came to the realization that the man does not always behave rationally. It also states that behaviour of non-confidence in the related content is driven. The drive and the motives of the people derive primarily from instinct and the pursuit of homeostasis between individual needs and social needs. Mainly influenced by Freud's work the issues of child development, dreaming of forgetting are unconscious motivation, personality and psychoanalytic therapy. (Hobfoll, 2008, 45-100)

The psychodynamic perspective was based on the depth psychology, and has been continually evolving founded about 100 years ago by Sigmund Freud; it is more relevant today than ever. Other well-known representatives are Carl Gustav Jung and Alfred Adler.

In psychodynamic perspective, it is assumed that in addition to the conscious awareness exists a sub. This subconscious impulses exist, who would be satisfied. The behaviour is in this view, concluded on the basis of the gratification, but also because of the company. There is in this perspective, a balance between the two driving forces.

The subconscious mind works like this: There a stimulus penetrate into the consciousness and sometimes as a stimulus permeates the consciousness and penetrates into the unconscious. Where it is stored and does not penetrate into the consciousness out more often. It may be however, and mostly in the dream that mix stored in the subconscious stimuli and pass out together or separately. So dreams can indicate unconscious content, and therefore, the analysis of dreams is also an important tool of the deep psychological psychotherapy.

The advantage of the psychodynamics perspective is that it tells that childhood experiences can affect through our lives without being aware that it is happening. Some experiences in childhood can be so emotionally painful that the only way the child can cope ...