PUBLIC DIPLOMACY

Public Diplomacy

Public diplomacy is a form of diplomacy, which includes the common methods of action in the international arena and the system of practical methods of providing countries and societies the opportunity to get along in a world full of contradictions and crises. With the advent of nuclear weapons, the existence of mankind has acquired special urgency. The companies have sought to achieve their active and direct participation in matters of war and peace. As a result, in the second half of XX century, public diplomacy was rapidly gaining weight including the advocacy of political parties and organizations abroad. It is important to bear in mind that public diplomacy is impossible without partnerships with official diplomacy, without mutual advice, assistance, tips and criticism. This is because society cannot alone solve the important questions, but at the same time, the relationship between the official and public diplomacy should not be subordinated to one another, because each of them has its own task, vision of the world and responsibilities under the protection of national interests.

In international relations, the term "public diplomacy" appeared to refer to the aspects of international diplomacy and it is not related to the interaction between government agencies. Universally accepted definition of "public diplomacy" does not exist yet. Today, most often in international politics, public diplomacy is understood as state-sponsored institutions of cultural, educational and informational programs, exchanges of delegations, as well as television and radio broadcasts. The goal is to ensure the national interests of the state, strengthening the targeted impact on foreign audiences and to establish better understanding among nations through the dissemination of information. As a result, one of the most precise definitions of public diplomacy is "the promotion of national interests by informing, lured and influence people"

The concept of "public diplomacy" is gradually becoming a scientific vocabulary and socio-political practice. In contrast to the official, public diplomacy deals with citizens belonging to other communities (countries, regions, IGOs). Public diplomacy is based on the means by which countries or intergovernmental organizations (e.g. UN, NATO, EU and others), acting deliberately or accidentally, as through agencies and through both official and private person. Usually, a leading and catalytic role among members of public diplomacy played a State or intergovernmental organization, which simultaneously carries financial costs.

Public diplomacy is the ability to achieve the desired based on the voluntary participation of allies, and not through coercion or handouts. J. Nye, Jr., noted that "soft power" is manifested in encouraging individuals to take certain plants, in contrast to the hard power, soft power can achieve the same purpose, while being much cheaper to use. Originally, the term "public diplomacy" has been used as a euphemism which is a synonym of "propaganda". Indeed, if the promotion is usually perceived as unfair, the "public diplomacy" declares the principle of "truthfulness", formulated by the former director of U.S. News agencies Edward Murrou. To be persuasive we must be credible and must be honest.

Some researchers attribute the public diplomacy and propaganda, along with psychological operations (PSYOPs), by means of International Information which aims to ...