RESEARCH PAPER

Research paper

Research paper

AREA/QUESTION

DISCUSSION

Title of Research Study

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Prevalence and Variation of Physical Restraint Use

in Acute Care Settings in the US

To describe physical restraint (PR) rates and contexts in U.S. hospitals.

Title of Journal

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Prevalence and Variation of Physical Restraint Use

in Acute Care Settings in the US.

This 2003-2005 descriptive study was done to measure PR prevalence and contexts

(census, gender, age, ventilation status, PR type, and rationale) at 40 randomly selected

acute care hospitals in six U.S. metropolitan areas. All units except psychiatric, emergency,

operative, obstetric, and long-term care were included.

Identify the credentials of the author(s)

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Ann F. Minnick, RN, PhD, FAAN, Gamma Phi, Chenault Professor of Nursing,

School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; and death (Berrol & BerroI, 1988; Di Maio et aI., 1986; Lorraine C.

Mion, RN, PhD, FAAN, Alpha Mu, Director, Nursing Research, MetroHealth Dube & Mitchell, 1986; Lofgren, MacPherson, Granieri, Care Medical Center, Cleveland, OH; Mary E. Johnson, RN, PhD, Associate

Myellnbeck, & Sprafaka, 1989; McLardy-Smith, Burge, & Professor, College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL; Cathy CatramWatson,

1986; Miles & Irvine, 1992; Miles & Meyers, 1994; bone, RN, DNSc, Instructor, College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago,

(Weight 5%) Introduction

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How will the research contribute to nursing (practice, administration, or education)?

Identify if the problem is statement or purpose, a research question, or a hypothesis to be tested.

What are the key concepts or variables?

If there is a hypothesis how is the relationship between two or more variables stated?

Are hypothesis stated as research hypothesis or null hypothesis? On 18 randomly selected days between 0500 and 0700 (5:00 am and 7:00 am),

data collectors determined PR use and contexts via observation and nurse report.

Findings: PR prevalence was 50 per 1,000 patient days (based on 155,412 patient days).

Preventing disruption of therapy was the chief reason cited. PR rates varied by unit type,

with adult lCU rates the highest obtained. lntra- and interinstitutional variation was as

high as lO-fold. Ventilator use was strongly associated with PR use. Elderly patients were

over-represented among the physically restrained on some units (e.g., medical) but on many

unit types (including most lCUs) their PR use was consistent with those of other adults.

The overall design was a descriptive unit-level approach.

The primary variable was prevalence of physical restraints.

Physical restraint was defined as any manual method or

physical or mechanical device, material, or equipment attached

or adjacent to the patient's body that the person

could not remove easily and that restricted freedom of movement

or access to the body (Health Care Financing Administration,

1999).

(Weight 10%) Review of the Literature

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