THE SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT

The Scientific School of Management

Scientific Management

Scientific management is a theory of management that helps in analyzing and creating workflows. The main purpose of scientific management involves the improvement of economic efficiency particularly the labor productivity. It is the umbrella term for practice and research that advocates making organizations more efficient by systematically working to improve the efficiency of workers

The typical approach of the school of scientific management is the emphasis on tasks.

The name of scientific management is due to attempt to apply the methods of science to the problems of administration in order to achieve high industrial efficiency.

The main methods applied to scientific problems of the administration are the observation and measurement. The school of scientific management was initiated at the beginning of the nineteenth by the American mechanical engineer Frederick W. Taylor .

For Taylor, the management acquired new powers and responsibilities described by the following four principles:

1. Principle of planning:

Replace the work the individual discretion of the operator, improvisation and performance practice by empirical methods based on procedures scientists. Replace improvisation by science , through the planning of the method .

2. Principle of the preparation:

Scientifically select workers according to their skills and prepare them, train them to produce more and better, according to the method planned.

3. Principle of control:

Check the work to certify that it is being implemented according to the rules established and according to the plan schedule. 4. Principle of Execution:

Distinctly distribute powers and responsibilities so that job execution is disciplined.

Key Concepts of Scientific Management

Taylor and his contemporaries advocated the way workers perform tasks (most notably, in the school) study, workers in informal employment (that is, knowledge management), have the knowledge of the collection and investigation of ways to improve the mission's purpose is to increase the efficiency (defined as less time). The next step is to convert it into a new method of implementation of the mandate, in writing, standardization of work rules and operating procedures, the results of these studies. Attention is paid to workers in a number of choices, so that their skills and abilities to meet mission requirements, and training to enable workers to complete their tasks in accordance with established rules and procedures. Taylor also believes that the need to establish the performance of each task, fair or acceptable level, and to develop pay system that provides an acceptable level above the award.

Although these two methods, is often seen as synonymous, Taylor is not the same time to study the movement of the same. Time of couples that do not include Gilbreth marked "Therbligs", and included in his motion of the discrete movement. Although the study was time to try to connect to action research, Gilbreth said Taylor did not exercise were studied. Among them, the integration of industrial engineering disciplines, such as writing a manual compilation of the early giants of hepatitis B Maynard skills.

Frederick Winslow Taylor, the classical management theorists in the United States, ...