TUBERCULOSIS IMMUNISATION

Tuberculosis Immunisation and Mechanism Of Vaccine





Tuberculosis Immunisation and Mechanism Of Vaccines

Introduction

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection that mainly involves the lungs but can spread to other organs. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease transmissible and non-immunizing, with clinical variables. It is caused by a mycobacterium tuberculosis complex corresponding to different germs, mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A vaccine was first tested in 1886 by Vittorio Cavagnis while at the same time Robert Koch tried unsuccessfully to develop a serum-based tuberculin healing (McShane, 2011). TB is one of the most leading causes of death in the world. The prevalence of this disease is increasing day by day with more and more individuals falling victims of TB. The strategies of the anti-TB can be separate in two different approaches. One approach is the Directly Observed Treatment Short course, which is the international strategy which specifically targets the adult patients suffering from TB. The other strategy is the Universal Immunization Program which is the strategy which utilizes the vaccine named Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) which is used for the immunization of the children who are suffering from TB. In spite of such a broad history of BCG vaccines along with the national and international work and funding behind the policies of the immunization, the rates of the vaccination of BCG has even hasn't reach the worldwide coverage (World Health Organization 2009).

Numerous of the research available has evaluated the education of the mother, income of the household, child's gender, order of the birth and the vaccinations accessed as few of the most significant determinants and factors which provides an explanation of the rates of the vaccination. Some more researches have made an evaluation of the perceptions and attitudes of the parents towards the vaccination for the sake of having a better understanding of the lack of the demands made by the parents for the vaccination of their children within the context and the other developing countries. Based on these findings, this particular study will determines the degree to which the experience and attitude of the mother with the medical services, most specifically her confidence and assurance towards the medical services makes an influence on her decision regarding the immunization of her child suffering from TB. Holding the rest of the factors constant like the demographics, information access and the BCG vaccination access, this research study hypothesize that the higher the level of confidence in the medical services, the higher will be the probability of the child getting the vaccination of BCG for TB. The analysis of the data will be conducted as per the data available from the Human Development Survey of 2005 which was a nationally representative household survey (Parashar, 2005, pp. 989).

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)

It was in 1921, that Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin successful developed the first vaccine against tuberculosis which they were working on since 1908 - which was designed to be a veterinary vaccine. This vaccine is called BCG vaccine (for Bacillus Calmette-Guerin or ...