UNIVERSITY FEES & MEDIA

University Fees & Media

University Fees & Media

Bias of media referred to prejudices of reporters and news producers in mass media in selection of events and stories are presented and how they are covered. Term "bias media" implies the pervasive or widespread bias contravening rules of journalism, rather than perspective of the journalist or an individual item. Direction and degree of bias of media in various countries is widely disputed.

Practical limitations to neutrality of media include inability of journalists to report all available stories and facts, and requirement that selected facts be linked into the coherent narrative. Since it is impossible to report everything, selectivity is inevitable. Market forces that lead to the biased presentation include ownership of news source, concentration of media ownership, personnel selection, preferences from target, and pressure from advertisers (Steven, 2004).

Bias of media is studied in schools of journalism, university departments (including studies of media, cultural studies and Peace) and by many independent watchdog groups from various parts of political spectrum. In United States, many of these studies focus on questions of balance conservative / liberal media. Other focuses are international differences in reporting, as well as bias information on topics such as economic class or environmental interests.

THE frequently cited academic study showing liberal bias of media in American journalism is media elite, the 1986 book co-written by political scientists Robert Lichter, Stanley Rothman and Linda Lichter. They surveyed journalists at national media, such as New York Times, Washington Post, and television. Survey found that most of these journalists were Democratic voters, whose attitudes were well to left of general public on the variety of topics, including burning social issues like abortion, affirmative action and gay rights. They then compared attitudes of journalists to cover controversial issues such as security of nuclear power, school bussing to promote racial integration, and energy crisis of 1970 (Milton, 2004). Authors concluded that journalists covering controversial issues reflected their own attitudes, and political dominance of liberals in newsrooms news coverage thus pushed into the liberal direction. This inclination was presented as an unconscious process; especially like-minded people project their shared assumptions in their interpretation of reality. This year those people's lend payments have been founded on the RPI and they are giving no interest, as the rate was set at 0% (the negative RPI figure for last stride should have resulted in a -0.4% rate, but the Student Loans business said the borrowers were not entitled to contradictory rates). But the inflation increase will lead to an boost in the interest rate they pay, even though it will now be groundworkd on the Bank of England groundwork rate.

The widely cited study of public opinion documents the correlation between source of news and certain misconceptions about Iraq war. Conducted by Program on International Policy Attitudes in October 2003, survey asked Americans whether they believed statements on war in Iraq that were known to be false. Respondents were also asked what their main news source Fox News, CBS, ...