Using Physical Restraint on Mental Patients in Various Healthcare Settings-Staff Perspective

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Physical Restraint in Health Services (Physical Restraints)

The restraint is an obvious, critical, factor for the professions that deal with assistance, with its roots in the past almost entirely in relation to assistance psychiatric, is gone and so is gradually affecting other areas of care issue: those assistance geriatric and intensive in particular (Ejaz 1994, pp.40). It is not an exaggeration to claim that restraint practices were shared by a large part of those who have been involved in the care wards. Suffice to say that the most extreme forms, typically characterized pre-reform asylum psychiatry, now joined by more advanced devices (and softened) whose purpose is still to reduce the patient's freedom and contain it. In fact, the frequent use of bed rails or devices used for positioning in order to limit the movement of the patient, rather than ties, braces and showers of immobilization (Engberg 2008, pp.42). They are, however, the contradictions related to the practices of restraint, so much so that they always want to invoke an inevitable state of necessity which would be determined by the need to protect the patient attended.

The Code of nursing, approved by the National Federation IPASVI in 2009, Article 30 reads: "The nurse strives to bring the use of restraint and extraordinary event, supported by documented assessments or prescription assistance." With this in fact, the one hand affirms the possibility of a practice of restraint in health activities and, second, raises the need for an assessment of care needs that would lead to this choice and, above all, must return the decision to a prescription. Compared to other articles of the Code of Ethics, a contradiction seems to appear (Evans 2002a, pp.74). Since Article 3: "The responsibility of the nurse is to assist in healing and in caring for the person in respect of life, health, freedom and individual dignity." The objection might be, but you can create conditions in which the individual is unable to make adequate choices for their own welfare and for their health that the nurse has a duty to intervene (Evans 2002b, pp.16). The fact is that he is still obliged to direct its action with the aim of activating the resources of the client "supporting them in achieving the greatest possible autonomy, particularly when there is disability, disadvantage, fragility" (Article 7) and in compliance with fundamental human rights (Article 5), facilitating the expression of his choice (Article 20) even when they are in conditions that would restrict the development ...